Cryptogamic ground covers as analogues for early terrestrial biospheres: Initiation and evolution of biologically mediated proto‐soils
International audience Modern cryptogamic ground covers (CGCs), comprising assemblages of bryophytes (hornworts, liverworts, mosses), fungi, bacteria, lichens and algae, are thought to resemble early divergent terrestrial communities. However, limited in situ plant and other fossils in the rock reco...
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Online Access: | https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/file/gbi.12431.pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12431 |
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:hal-03141283v1 2023-05-15T16:52:21+02:00 Cryptogamic ground covers as analogues for early terrestrial biospheres: Initiation and evolution of biologically mediated proto‐soils Mitchell, Ria Strullu‐derrien, Christine Sykes, Dan Pressel, Silvia Duckett, Jeffrey Kenrick, Paul University of Sheffield Sheffield Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA) The Natural History Museum London (NHM) 2021-02-10 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/file/gbi.12431.pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12431 en eng HAL CCSD Wiley info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/gbi.12431 hal-03141283 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/file/gbi.12431.pdf doi:10.1111/gbi.12431 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1472-4677 EISSN: 1472-4669 Geobiology https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283 Geobiology, 2021, ⟨10.1111/gbi.12431⟩ palaeobotany plant evolution soil development plant‐soil interactions weathering X‐ray computed tomography [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2021 ftunivnantes https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12431 2023-02-08T04:50:09Z International audience Modern cryptogamic ground covers (CGCs), comprising assemblages of bryophytes (hornworts, liverworts, mosses), fungi, bacteria, lichens and algae, are thought to resemble early divergent terrestrial communities. However, limited in situ plant and other fossils in the rock record, and a lack of CGC‐like soils reported in the pre‐Silurian sedimentological record, have hindered understanding of the structure, composition and interactions within the earliest CGCs. A key question is how the earliest CGC‐like organisms drove weathering on primordial terrestrial surfaces (regolith), leading to the early stages of soil development as proto‐soils, and subsequently contributing to large‐scale biogeochemical shifts in the Earth System. Here, we employed a novel qualitative, quantitative and multi‐dimensional imaging approach through X‐ray micro‐computed tomography, scanning electron, and optical microscopy to investigate whether different combinations of modern CGC organisms from primordial‐like settings in Iceland develop organism‐specific soil forming features at the macro‐ and micro‐scales. Additionally, we analysed CGCs growing on hard rocky substrates to investigate the initiation of weathering processes non‐destructively in 3D. We show that thalloid CGC organisms (liverworts, hornworts) develop thin organic layers at the surface (<1 cm) with limited subsurface structural development, whereas leafy mosses and communities of mixed organisms form profiles that are thicker (up to ~ 7 cm), structurally more complex, and more organic‐rich. We term these thin layers and profiles proto‐soils. Component analyses from X‐ray micro‐computed tomography data show that thickness and structure of these proto‐soils are determined by the type of colonising organism(s), suggesting that the evolution of more complex soils through the Palaeozoic may have been driven by a shift in body plan of CGC‐like organisms from flattened and appressed to upright and leafy. Our results provide a framework for identifying ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Geobiology 19 3 292 306 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
palaeobotany plant evolution soil development plant‐soil interactions weathering X‐ray computed tomography [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology |
spellingShingle |
palaeobotany plant evolution soil development plant‐soil interactions weathering X‐ray computed tomography [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology Mitchell, Ria Strullu‐derrien, Christine Sykes, Dan Pressel, Silvia Duckett, Jeffrey Kenrick, Paul Cryptogamic ground covers as analogues for early terrestrial biospheres: Initiation and evolution of biologically mediated proto‐soils |
topic_facet |
palaeobotany plant evolution soil development plant‐soil interactions weathering X‐ray computed tomography [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology |
description |
International audience Modern cryptogamic ground covers (CGCs), comprising assemblages of bryophytes (hornworts, liverworts, mosses), fungi, bacteria, lichens and algae, are thought to resemble early divergent terrestrial communities. However, limited in situ plant and other fossils in the rock record, and a lack of CGC‐like soils reported in the pre‐Silurian sedimentological record, have hindered understanding of the structure, composition and interactions within the earliest CGCs. A key question is how the earliest CGC‐like organisms drove weathering on primordial terrestrial surfaces (regolith), leading to the early stages of soil development as proto‐soils, and subsequently contributing to large‐scale biogeochemical shifts in the Earth System. Here, we employed a novel qualitative, quantitative and multi‐dimensional imaging approach through X‐ray micro‐computed tomography, scanning electron, and optical microscopy to investigate whether different combinations of modern CGC organisms from primordial‐like settings in Iceland develop organism‐specific soil forming features at the macro‐ and micro‐scales. Additionally, we analysed CGCs growing on hard rocky substrates to investigate the initiation of weathering processes non‐destructively in 3D. We show that thalloid CGC organisms (liverworts, hornworts) develop thin organic layers at the surface (<1 cm) with limited subsurface structural development, whereas leafy mosses and communities of mixed organisms form profiles that are thicker (up to ~ 7 cm), structurally more complex, and more organic‐rich. We term these thin layers and profiles proto‐soils. Component analyses from X‐ray micro‐computed tomography data show that thickness and structure of these proto‐soils are determined by the type of colonising organism(s), suggesting that the evolution of more complex soils through the Palaeozoic may have been driven by a shift in body plan of CGC‐like organisms from flattened and appressed to upright and leafy. Our results provide a framework for identifying ... |
author2 |
University of Sheffield Sheffield Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA) The Natural History Museum London (NHM) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mitchell, Ria Strullu‐derrien, Christine Sykes, Dan Pressel, Silvia Duckett, Jeffrey Kenrick, Paul |
author_facet |
Mitchell, Ria Strullu‐derrien, Christine Sykes, Dan Pressel, Silvia Duckett, Jeffrey Kenrick, Paul |
author_sort |
Mitchell, Ria |
title |
Cryptogamic ground covers as analogues for early terrestrial biospheres: Initiation and evolution of biologically mediated proto‐soils |
title_short |
Cryptogamic ground covers as analogues for early terrestrial biospheres: Initiation and evolution of biologically mediated proto‐soils |
title_full |
Cryptogamic ground covers as analogues for early terrestrial biospheres: Initiation and evolution of biologically mediated proto‐soils |
title_fullStr |
Cryptogamic ground covers as analogues for early terrestrial biospheres: Initiation and evolution of biologically mediated proto‐soils |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cryptogamic ground covers as analogues for early terrestrial biospheres: Initiation and evolution of biologically mediated proto‐soils |
title_sort |
cryptogamic ground covers as analogues for early terrestrial biospheres: initiation and evolution of biologically mediated proto‐soils |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/file/gbi.12431.pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12431 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
ISSN: 1472-4677 EISSN: 1472-4669 Geobiology https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283 Geobiology, 2021, ⟨10.1111/gbi.12431⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/gbi.12431 hal-03141283 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03141283/file/gbi.12431.pdf doi:10.1111/gbi.12431 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12431 |
container_title |
Geobiology |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
3 |
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292 |
op_container_end_page |
306 |
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1766042537922920448 |