Sequencing and characterization of a multi-organ Arctic charr transcriptome: A toolbox for investigating polymorphism and seasonal life in a high Arctic fish

• Published in: Marine Genomics
• Main Authors: Magnanou, Elodie, Noirot, Celine, Falcon, Jack, Jorgensen, Even Hjalmar
• Other Authors: Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Plateforme Bio-Informatique - Génotoul, The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2016
• Subjects: Salvelinus alpinus; Contig; 454 sequencing; Phenotype; Life-history; ATLANTIC SALMON; SALVELINUS-ALPINUS; HISTORY VARIATION; GENERATION; ANNOTATION; ADIPOSITY; FRAMEWORK; Physiology; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; LEPTIN; [MATH]Mathematics [math]; [INFO]Computer Science [cs]; Arctic; Arctic charr; Atlantic salmon; Salmo salar
• Online Access: https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02638767; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margen.2016.04.006

International audience The Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) inhabits fresh water ecosystems of the high North. The species has developed a strong phenotypic plasticity and variability in life history characteristics which has made this species an attractive model for investigations on phenotype plasticity, morph formation and ecological speciation. Further, the extreme seasonal variations in environmental conditions (e.g. food availability) in the high North induce seasonal changes in phenotype, which require precise timing mechanisms and physiological preparations. Individual gating of life-history strategies (e.g. formation of resident and sea-migrating morphs) and transitions (e.g. maturation) depends on conditional traits (size/energy status) at specific assessment time windows, and complex neuroendocrine regulation, which so far is poorly understood. In the absence of a reference genome, and in order to facilitate the investigation of the complex biological mechanisms of this unique fish model, the present study reveals a reference transcriptome for the Arctic charr. Using Roche 454 GS FLX+, we targeted various organs being either at the crossroads of many key pathways (neuroendocrine, metabolic, behavioral), of different ontological origins or displaying complementary physiological functions. The assemblage yielded 34,690 contigs greater than 1000 bp with an average length (1690 bp) and annotation rate (52%) within the range, or even higher, than what has been previously obtained with other teleost de novo transcriptomes. We dramatically improve the publically available transcript data on this species that may indeed be useful for various disciplines, from basic research to applied aspects related to conservation issues and aquaculture.