Estimating Underwater Light Regime under Spatially Heterogeneous Sea Ice in the Arctic

• Published in: Applied Sciences
• Main Authors: Massicotte, Philippe, Bécu, Guislain, Lambert-Girard, Simon, Leymarie, Edouard, Babin, Marcel
• Other Authors: Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS, Université Laval Québec (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2018
• Subjects: apparent optical properties; 3D Monte Carlo numerical simulations; downward irradiance; upward radiance; sea ice heterogeneity; vertical attenuation coefficient; melt ponds; [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography; Arctic; ice pack; Phytoplankton; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01996826; https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01996826/document; https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01996826/file/applsci-08-02693.pdf; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122693

International audience The vertical diffuse attenuation coefficient for downward plane irradiance ( Kd ) is an apparent optical property commonly used in primary production models to propagate incident solar radiation in the water column. In open water, estimating Kd is relatively straightforward when a vertical profile of measurements of downward irradiance, Ed , is available. In the Arctic, the ice pack is characterized by a complex mosaic composed of sea ice with snow, ridges, melt ponds, and leads. Due to the resulting spatially heterogeneous light field in the top meters of the water column, it is difficult to measure at single-point locations meaningful Kd values that allow predicting average irradiance at any depth. The main objective of this work is to propose a new method to estimate average irradiance over large spatially heterogeneous area as it would be seen by drifting phytoplankton. Using both in situ data and 3D Monte Carlo numerical simulations of radiative transfer, we show that (1) the large-area average vertical profile of downward irradiance, Ed (z) , under heterogeneous sea ice cover can be represented by a single-term exponential function and (2) the vertical attenuation coefficient for upward radiance ( KLu ), which is up to two times less influenced by a heterogeneous incident light field than Kd in the vicinity of a melt pond, can be used as a proxy to estimate Ed (z) in the water column.