Epigenetics in teleost fish : from molecular mechanisms to physiological phenotypes

• Published in: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
• Main Authors: Best, C., Ikert, H., Kostyniuk, D., Craig, P.M., Navarro-Martin, L., Marandel, Lucie, Mennigen, Jan A.
• Other Authors: Department of Biology, University of Minho Braga, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid (CSIC), Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture (NuMéA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2018
• Subjects: epigenetic; histone modification; chromatin; DNA methylation; microRNA; genome duplication; zebrafish; rainbow trout; atlantic salmon; environment; comparative physiology; rainbow; trout; fish; aquatic toxicology; épigénétique; physiologie animale; aquaculture; environnement; truite arc en ciel; saumon de l'atlantique; poisson zèbre; poisson; [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology; Atlantic salmon
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01901316; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpb.2018.01.006

International audience While the field of epigenetics is increasingly recognized to contribute to the emergence of phenotypes in mammalian research models across different developmental and generational timescales, the comparative biology of epigenetics in the large and physiologically diverse vertebrate infraclass of teleost fish remains comparatively understudied. The cypriniform zebrafish and the salmoniform rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon represent two especially important teleost orders, because they offer the unique possibility to comparatively investigate the role of epigenetic regulation in 3R and 4R duplicated genomes. In addition to their sequenced genomes, these teleost species are well-characterized model species for development and physiology, and therefore allow for an investigation of the role of epigenetic modifications in the emergence of physiological phenotypes during an organism’s lifespan and in subsequent generations. This review aims firstly to describe the evolution of the repertoire of genes involved in key molecular epigenetic pathways including histone modifications, DNA methylation and microRNAs in zebrafish, rainbow trout, and Atlantic salmon, and secondly, to discuss recent advances in research highlighting a role for molecular epigenetics in shaping physiological phenotypes in these and other teleost models. Finally, by discussing themes and current limitations of the emerging field of teleost epigenetics from both theoretical and technical points of view, we will highlight future research needs and discuss how epigenetics will not only help address basic research questions in comparative teleost physiology, but also inform translational research including aquaculture, aquatic toxicology, and human disease