Roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea CO 2 flux in the Southern Ocean: New insights from CARIOCA pCO 2
International audience On a mean annual basis, the Southern Ocean is a sink for atmospheric CO 2 . However the seasonality of the air–sea CO 2 flux in this region is poorly documented. We investigate processes regulating air–sea CO 2 flux in a large area of the Southern Ocean (38°S–55°S, 60°W–60°E)...
Published in: | Journal of Marine Systems |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2015
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-01232526 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015 |
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:hal-01232526v1 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
Southern Ocean Surface pCO 2 seasonality Autonomous drifters Productivity Satellite chlorophyll Air–Sea CO 2 exchange Upper ocean and mixed layer processes [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] |
spellingShingle |
Southern Ocean Surface pCO 2 seasonality Autonomous drifters Productivity Satellite chlorophyll Air–Sea CO 2 exchange Upper ocean and mixed layer processes [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] Merlivat, Liliane Boutin, Jacqueline Antoine, David Roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea CO 2 flux in the Southern Ocean: New insights from CARIOCA pCO 2 |
topic_facet |
Southern Ocean Surface pCO 2 seasonality Autonomous drifters Productivity Satellite chlorophyll Air–Sea CO 2 exchange Upper ocean and mixed layer processes [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] |
description |
International audience On a mean annual basis, the Southern Ocean is a sink for atmospheric CO 2 . However the seasonality of the air–sea CO 2 flux in this region is poorly documented. We investigate processes regulating air–sea CO 2 flux in a large area of the Southern Ocean (38°S–55°S, 60°W–60°E) that represents nearly one third of the subantarctic zone. A seasonal budget of CO 2 partial pressure, pCO 2 and of dissolved inorganic carbon, DIC in the mixed layer is assessed by quantifying the impacts of biology, physics and thermodynamical effect on seawater pCO 2 . A focus is made on the quantification at a monthly scale of the biological consumption as it is the dominant process removing carbon from surface waters. In situ biological carbon production rates are estimated from high frequency estimates of DIC along the trajectories of CARIOCA drifters in the Atlantic and Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during four spring–summer seasons over the 2006–2009 period. Net community production (NCP) integrated over the mixed layer is derived from the daily change of DIC, and mixed layer depth estimated from Argo profiles. Eleven values of NCP are estimated and range from 30 to 130 mmol C m− 2 d− 1. They are used as a constraint for validating satellite net primary production (NPP). A satellite data-based global model is used to compute depth integrated net primary production, NPP, for the same periods along the trajectories of the buoys. Realistic NCP/NPP ratios are obtained under the condition that the SeaWiFS chlorophyll are corrected by a factor of ≈ 2–3, which is an underestimation previously reported for the Southern Ocean. Monthly satellite based NPP are computed over the 38°S–55°S, 60°W–60°E area. pCO 2 derived from these NPP combined with an export ratio, and taking into account the impact of physics and thermodynamics is in good agreement with the pCO 2 seasonal climatology of Takahashi (2009). On an annual timescale, mean NCP values, 4.4 to 4.9 mol C m− 2 yr− 1 are ≈ 4–5 times greater than air–sea CO 2 ... |
author2 |
Interactions et Processus au sein de la couche de Surface Océanique (IPSO) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV) Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) European Project: 30029,CARBOOCEAN European Project: 264879,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2010,CARBOCHANGE(2011) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Merlivat, Liliane Boutin, Jacqueline Antoine, David |
author_facet |
Merlivat, Liliane Boutin, Jacqueline Antoine, David |
author_sort |
Merlivat, Liliane |
title |
Roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea CO 2 flux in the Southern Ocean: New insights from CARIOCA pCO 2 |
title_short |
Roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea CO 2 flux in the Southern Ocean: New insights from CARIOCA pCO 2 |
title_full |
Roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea CO 2 flux in the Southern Ocean: New insights from CARIOCA pCO 2 |
title_fullStr |
Roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea CO 2 flux in the Southern Ocean: New insights from CARIOCA pCO 2 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea CO 2 flux in the Southern Ocean: New insights from CARIOCA pCO 2 |
title_sort |
roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea co 2 flux in the southern ocean: new insights from carioca pco 2 |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-01232526 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015 |
geographic |
Indian Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Indian Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
ISSN: 0924-7963 Journal of Marine Systems https://hal.science/hal-01232526 Journal of Marine Systems, 2015, 147, pp.9-20. ⟨10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement//30029/EU/Marine carbon sources and sinks assessment/CARBOOCEAN info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/264879/EU/Changes in carbon uptake and emissions by oceans in a changing climate/CARBOCHANGE hal-01232526 https://hal.science/hal-01232526 doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Systems |
container_volume |
147 |
container_start_page |
9 |
op_container_end_page |
20 |
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1766205372010332160 |
spelling |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:hal-01232526v1 2023-05-15T18:24:38+02:00 Roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea CO 2 flux in the Southern Ocean: New insights from CARIOCA pCO 2 Merlivat, Liliane Boutin, Jacqueline Antoine, David Interactions et Processus au sein de la couche de Surface Océanique (IPSO) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV) Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) European Project: 30029,CARBOOCEAN European Project: 264879,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2010,CARBOCHANGE(2011) 2015-07 https://hal.science/hal-01232526 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement//30029/EU/Marine carbon sources and sinks assessment/CARBOOCEAN info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/264879/EU/Changes in carbon uptake and emissions by oceans in a changing climate/CARBOCHANGE hal-01232526 https://hal.science/hal-01232526 doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015 ISSN: 0924-7963 Journal of Marine Systems https://hal.science/hal-01232526 Journal of Marine Systems, 2015, 147, pp.9-20. ⟨10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015⟩ Southern Ocean Surface pCO 2 seasonality Autonomous drifters Productivity Satellite chlorophyll Air–Sea CO 2 exchange Upper ocean and mixed layer processes [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2015 ftunivnantes https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015 2023-02-08T10:28:53Z International audience On a mean annual basis, the Southern Ocean is a sink for atmospheric CO 2 . However the seasonality of the air–sea CO 2 flux in this region is poorly documented. We investigate processes regulating air–sea CO 2 flux in a large area of the Southern Ocean (38°S–55°S, 60°W–60°E) that represents nearly one third of the subantarctic zone. A seasonal budget of CO 2 partial pressure, pCO 2 and of dissolved inorganic carbon, DIC in the mixed layer is assessed by quantifying the impacts of biology, physics and thermodynamical effect on seawater pCO 2 . A focus is made on the quantification at a monthly scale of the biological consumption as it is the dominant process removing carbon from surface waters. In situ biological carbon production rates are estimated from high frequency estimates of DIC along the trajectories of CARIOCA drifters in the Atlantic and Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during four spring–summer seasons over the 2006–2009 period. Net community production (NCP) integrated over the mixed layer is derived from the daily change of DIC, and mixed layer depth estimated from Argo profiles. Eleven values of NCP are estimated and range from 30 to 130 mmol C m− 2 d− 1. They are used as a constraint for validating satellite net primary production (NPP). A satellite data-based global model is used to compute depth integrated net primary production, NPP, for the same periods along the trajectories of the buoys. Realistic NCP/NPP ratios are obtained under the condition that the SeaWiFS chlorophyll are corrected by a factor of ≈ 2–3, which is an underestimation previously reported for the Southern Ocean. Monthly satellite based NPP are computed over the 38°S–55°S, 60°W–60°E area. pCO 2 derived from these NPP combined with an export ratio, and taking into account the impact of physics and thermodynamics is in good agreement with the pCO 2 seasonal climatology of Takahashi (2009). On an annual timescale, mean NCP values, 4.4 to 4.9 mol C m− 2 yr− 1 are ≈ 4–5 times greater than air–sea CO 2 ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Indian Southern Ocean Journal of Marine Systems 147 9 20 |