Numerical computation of the l-band emission and scattering of soil layers with consideration of moisture and temperature gradients

• Published in: 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
• Main Authors: Demontoux, François, Lawrence, Heather, Wigneron, Jean Pierre, Mironov, V., Kosolapova, L.G., Paillou, Philippe, Kerr, Yann H.
• Other Authors: Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Kirensky Institute of Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow (RAS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux Pessac (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), SMOS
• Format: Conference Object
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2012
• Subjects: permittivity; modeling; temperature gradient; moisture gradient; remote sensing; SMOS; [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism; [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces; environment; [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]; [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]; [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes; [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing; permafrost
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-00985914; https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6350887

International audience In the context of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, we present a study of the emission of rough surfaces at 1.4 GHz and the effects of moisture and temperature gradients. Surface roughness has been studied in some depth in the literature as it is a key influencing parameter on ground emission. A new approach for the calculation of rough surface scattering and emission at L-band has recently been validated for the case of scattering from a single layer rough surface of Gaussian autocorrelation function [3]. This approach relies on the use of ANSYS's numerical computation software HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator), which in turn solves Maxwell's equations using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The interest of this approach is that it can be extended to calculate the emission and scattering of complicated multilayer media, including features such as volume effects, gradients effects and inclusions, as well as rough surfaces. This is therefore especially useful for the problem of the emission from soil-litter systems in forests. At L band, volume effects in the upper layer of soil should be taken into account. In particular, moisture or thermal phenomena lead to the presence of gradients. In this paper we present the work we have done to use FEM (Finite Element Method) method to compute thermal effects and water infiltration effects in ground. Coupling electromagnetic and thermal computation we are able to study scattering of media such as permafrost or effects of rapid changes in temperature condition. It can also be very useful for global observations with a frequent repeat coverage (future NASA Soil Moisture Active/Passive mission SMAP). In the present study we firstly present the effects of water infiltration in ground (as moisture gradients) on the emissivity and bi-static scattering coefficient of soil. Then we will present results of computations on soils partially or completely frozen.