Sea level and climate: measurements and causes of changes
International audience We review present‐day observations of sea level change and variability at global and regional scales, focusing on the altimetry era starting in the early 1990s. Over the past ∼18‐years, the rate of global mean sea level rise has reached 3.3 ± 0.4 mm/year, nearly twice that of...
Published in: | Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2011
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-00625951 https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.139 |
id |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:hal-00625951v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:hal-00625951v1 2023-05-15T13:42:27+02:00 Sea level and climate: measurements and causes of changes Cazenave, Anny Rémy, Frédérique Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2011 https://hal.science/hal-00625951 https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.139 en eng HAL CCSD Wiley info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/wcc.139 hal-00625951 https://hal.science/hal-00625951 doi:10.1002/wcc.139 ISSN: 1757-7799 Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change https://hal.science/hal-00625951 Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 2011, 2, pp.647-662. ⟨10.1002/wcc.139⟩ [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2011 ftunivnantes https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.139 2023-02-22T00:17:41Z International audience We review present‐day observations of sea level change and variability at global and regional scales, focusing on the altimetry era starting in the early 1990s. Over the past ∼18‐years, the rate of global mean sea level rise has reached 3.3 ± 0.4 mm/year, nearly twice that of the previous decades, although the observed larger sea level rise rate may be influenced by decadal or longer variations in the ocean. Moreover, sea level rates are not geographically uniform; in some regions like the tropical western Pacific, rates are up to 3-4 times higher than the global mean rate. We next discuss the climate‐related components of the global mean sea level rise. Over the last ∼18‐years, ocean thermal expansion contributes about one third to the observed rise while total land ice (glacier melting plus ice sheet mass loss) contribute the other two third. The spatial trend patterns evidenced over the altimetry period mostly result from nonuniform steric sea level changes (effects of ocean temperature and salinity), largely caused by wind‐driven ocean circulation changes. Such patterns are not stationary but oscillate through time on decadal/multidecadal time scale, in response to natural modes of the coupled ocean‐atmosphere system. We close up this review by briefly discussing future (21st century) sea level rise. Current limited knowledge of the future evolution of the mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets leads to high uncertainty on the global mean sea level rise expected for the next 50-100 years. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Greenland Pacific Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 2 5 647 662 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography Cazenave, Anny Rémy, Frédérique Sea level and climate: measurements and causes of changes |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
description |
International audience We review present‐day observations of sea level change and variability at global and regional scales, focusing on the altimetry era starting in the early 1990s. Over the past ∼18‐years, the rate of global mean sea level rise has reached 3.3 ± 0.4 mm/year, nearly twice that of the previous decades, although the observed larger sea level rise rate may be influenced by decadal or longer variations in the ocean. Moreover, sea level rates are not geographically uniform; in some regions like the tropical western Pacific, rates are up to 3-4 times higher than the global mean rate. We next discuss the climate‐related components of the global mean sea level rise. Over the last ∼18‐years, ocean thermal expansion contributes about one third to the observed rise while total land ice (glacier melting plus ice sheet mass loss) contribute the other two third. The spatial trend patterns evidenced over the altimetry period mostly result from nonuniform steric sea level changes (effects of ocean temperature and salinity), largely caused by wind‐driven ocean circulation changes. Such patterns are not stationary but oscillate through time on decadal/multidecadal time scale, in response to natural modes of the coupled ocean‐atmosphere system. We close up this review by briefly discussing future (21st century) sea level rise. Current limited knowledge of the future evolution of the mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets leads to high uncertainty on the global mean sea level rise expected for the next 50-100 years. |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cazenave, Anny Rémy, Frédérique |
author_facet |
Cazenave, Anny Rémy, Frédérique |
author_sort |
Cazenave, Anny |
title |
Sea level and climate: measurements and causes of changes |
title_short |
Sea level and climate: measurements and causes of changes |
title_full |
Sea level and climate: measurements and causes of changes |
title_fullStr |
Sea level and climate: measurements and causes of changes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sea level and climate: measurements and causes of changes |
title_sort |
sea level and climate: measurements and causes of changes |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-00625951 https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.139 |
geographic |
Greenland Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Greenland Pacific |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
op_source |
ISSN: 1757-7799 Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change https://hal.science/hal-00625951 Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 2011, 2, pp.647-662. ⟨10.1002/wcc.139⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/wcc.139 hal-00625951 https://hal.science/hal-00625951 doi:10.1002/wcc.139 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.139 |
container_title |
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change |
container_volume |
2 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
647 |
op_container_end_page |
662 |
_version_ |
1766168041564930048 |