Interannual-to-decadal variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes
International audience The magnitude of the interannual variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes remains uncertain. Interannual extremes simulated by atmospheric inverse approaches are typically about ±0.3 Pg C yr -1 , whereas those from ocean models are less than ±0.1 Pg C yr -1 . Thus var...
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Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2006
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-00331139 https://hal.science/hal-00331139/document https://hal.science/hal-00331139/file/os-2-43-2006.pdf |
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Open Polar |
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Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
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ftunivnantes |
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English |
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[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
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[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere Raynaud, Stéphane Orr, James C. Aumont, Olivier Rodgers, Keith B. Yiou, Pascal Interannual-to-decadal variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes |
topic_facet |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
description |
International audience The magnitude of the interannual variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes remains uncertain. Interannual extremes simulated by atmospheric inverse approaches are typically about ±0.3 Pg C yr -1 , whereas those from ocean models are less than ±0.1 Pg C yr -1 . Thus variability in the North Atlantic is either about 60% or less than 20% of the global variability of about ±0.5 Pg C yr -1 (as estimated by both approaches). Here we explore spatiotemporal variability within the North Atlantic basin of one ocean model in order to more fully describe potential counteracting trends in different regions that may explain why basin-wide variability is small relative to global-scale variability. Typical atmospheric inverse approaches separate the North Atlantic into at most a few regions and thus cannot properly simulate such counteracting effects. For this study, two simulations were made with a biogeochemical model coupled to a global ocean general circulation model (OGCM), which itself was forced by 55-year NCEP reanalysis fields. In the first simulation, atmospheric CO 2 was maintained at the preindustrial level (278 ppmv); in the second simulation, atmospheric CO 2 followed the observed increase. Simulated air-sea CO 2 fluxes and associated variables were then analysed with a statistical tool known as multichannel singular spectrum analysis (MSSA). We found that the subtropical gyre is not the largest contributor to the overall, basin-wide variability, in contrast to previous suggestions. The subpolar gyre and the inter-gyre region (the transition area between subpolar and subtropical gyres) also contribute with multipolar anomalies at multiple frequencies: these tend to cancel one another in terms of the basin-wide air-sea CO 2 flux. We found a strong correlation between the air-sea CO 2 fluxes and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), but only if one takes into account time lags as does MSSA (maximum r =0.64 for lags between 1 and 3 years). The effect of increasing atmospheric CO 2 ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) Extrèmes : Statistiques, Impacts et Régionalisation (ESTIMR) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Raynaud, Stéphane Orr, James C. Aumont, Olivier Rodgers, Keith B. Yiou, Pascal |
author_facet |
Raynaud, Stéphane Orr, James C. Aumont, Olivier Rodgers, Keith B. Yiou, Pascal |
author_sort |
Raynaud, Stéphane |
title |
Interannual-to-decadal variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes |
title_short |
Interannual-to-decadal variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes |
title_full |
Interannual-to-decadal variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes |
title_fullStr |
Interannual-to-decadal variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interannual-to-decadal variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes |
title_sort |
interannual-to-decadal variability of north atlantic air-sea co 2 fluxes |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-00331139 https://hal.science/hal-00331139/document https://hal.science/hal-00331139/file/os-2-43-2006.pdf |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
ISSN: 1812-0784 EISSN: 1812-0792 Ocean Science https://hal.science/hal-00331139 Ocean Science, 2006, 2 (1), pp.43-60 |
op_relation |
hal-00331139 https://hal.science/hal-00331139 https://hal.science/hal-00331139/document https://hal.science/hal-00331139/file/os-2-43-2006.pdf BIBCODE: 2006OcSci.2.43R IRD: PAR00002828 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766120211429195776 |
spelling |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:hal-00331139v1 2023-05-15T17:27:53+02:00 Interannual-to-decadal variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes Raynaud, Stéphane Orr, James C. Aumont, Olivier Rodgers, Keith B. Yiou, Pascal Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) Extrèmes : Statistiques, Impacts et Régionalisation (ESTIMR) 2006-07-17 https://hal.science/hal-00331139 https://hal.science/hal-00331139/document https://hal.science/hal-00331139/file/os-2-43-2006.pdf en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union hal-00331139 https://hal.science/hal-00331139 https://hal.science/hal-00331139/document https://hal.science/hal-00331139/file/os-2-43-2006.pdf BIBCODE: 2006OcSci.2.43R IRD: PAR00002828 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1812-0784 EISSN: 1812-0792 Ocean Science https://hal.science/hal-00331139 Ocean Science, 2006, 2 (1), pp.43-60 [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2006 ftunivnantes 2023-02-08T04:16:20Z International audience The magnitude of the interannual variability of North Atlantic air-sea CO 2 fluxes remains uncertain. Interannual extremes simulated by atmospheric inverse approaches are typically about ±0.3 Pg C yr -1 , whereas those from ocean models are less than ±0.1 Pg C yr -1 . Thus variability in the North Atlantic is either about 60% or less than 20% of the global variability of about ±0.5 Pg C yr -1 (as estimated by both approaches). Here we explore spatiotemporal variability within the North Atlantic basin of one ocean model in order to more fully describe potential counteracting trends in different regions that may explain why basin-wide variability is small relative to global-scale variability. Typical atmospheric inverse approaches separate the North Atlantic into at most a few regions and thus cannot properly simulate such counteracting effects. For this study, two simulations were made with a biogeochemical model coupled to a global ocean general circulation model (OGCM), which itself was forced by 55-year NCEP reanalysis fields. In the first simulation, atmospheric CO 2 was maintained at the preindustrial level (278 ppmv); in the second simulation, atmospheric CO 2 followed the observed increase. Simulated air-sea CO 2 fluxes and associated variables were then analysed with a statistical tool known as multichannel singular spectrum analysis (MSSA). We found that the subtropical gyre is not the largest contributor to the overall, basin-wide variability, in contrast to previous suggestions. The subpolar gyre and the inter-gyre region (the transition area between subpolar and subtropical gyres) also contribute with multipolar anomalies at multiple frequencies: these tend to cancel one another in terms of the basin-wide air-sea CO 2 flux. We found a strong correlation between the air-sea CO 2 fluxes and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), but only if one takes into account time lags as does MSSA (maximum r =0.64 for lags between 1 and 3 years). The effect of increasing atmospheric CO 2 ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |