Hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Nordic and Baltic countries
Groundwater utilization and groundwater quality vary in the Baltic and Nordic countries mainly because of different geological settings. Based on the geology, the countries were treated in the following three groups: (1) Fennoscandian countries (Finland, Sweden, and Norway), (2) Denmark and Baltic c...
Published in: | Hydrology Research |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3064206 https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.018 |
id |
ftunivmob:oai:nmbu.brage.unit.no:11250/3064206 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivmob:oai:nmbu.brage.unit.no:11250/3064206 2023-06-11T04:11:40+02:00 Hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Nordic and Baltic countries Kitterød, Nils-Otto Kværner, Jens Aagaard, Per Arustiene, Jurga Bikše, Jānis Dagestad, Atle Gundersen, Pål Hansen, Birgitte Hjartarson, Árni Karro, Enn Klavins, Maris Marandi, Andres Radiene, Rasa Retike, Inga Rossi, Pekka M. Thorling, Lærke 2022-09-29T13:55:16Z application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3064206 https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.018 eng eng Hydrology Research. 2022, 53 (7), 958-982. urn:issn:1998-9563 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3064206 https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.018 cristin:2056845 958-982 53 Hydrology Research 7 Peer reviewed Journal article 2022 ftunivmob https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.018 2023-04-26T22:46:39Z Groundwater utilization and groundwater quality vary in the Baltic and Nordic countries mainly because of different geological settings. Based on the geology, the countries were treated in the following three groups: (1) Fennoscandian countries (Finland, Sweden, and Norway), (2) Denmark and Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), and (3) Iceland. Most of the utilized groundwater resources are taken from Quaternary deposits, but Denmark and the Baltic countries have in addition, important resources in Phanerozoic rocks. The groundwater quality reflects the residence time of water in the subsurface and the chemical composition of the geological formations. Concentrations of ions in the Fennoscandian bedrock are elevated compared to Iceland, but lower than in Denmark and the Baltic countries. Compared to groundwater in the bedrock, groundwater in Quaternary deposits has usually lower concentrations of dissolved minerals. Unconfined Quaternary aquifers are vulnerable to contamination. Examples from Denmark and the Baltic countries illustrate challenges and successful effects of mitigation strategies for such aquifers related to agricultural application and management of nitrogen. Confined and deeper groundwater is better protected against anthropogenic contamination, but water quality may be affected by harmful compounds caused by geogenic processes (viz, sulfide, arsenic, fluoride, and radon). publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Fennoscandian Iceland Open archive Norwegian University of Life Sciences: Brage NMBU Norway Hydrology Research 53 7 958 982 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Open archive Norwegian University of Life Sciences: Brage NMBU |
op_collection_id |
ftunivmob |
language |
English |
description |
Groundwater utilization and groundwater quality vary in the Baltic and Nordic countries mainly because of different geological settings. Based on the geology, the countries were treated in the following three groups: (1) Fennoscandian countries (Finland, Sweden, and Norway), (2) Denmark and Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), and (3) Iceland. Most of the utilized groundwater resources are taken from Quaternary deposits, but Denmark and the Baltic countries have in addition, important resources in Phanerozoic rocks. The groundwater quality reflects the residence time of water in the subsurface and the chemical composition of the geological formations. Concentrations of ions in the Fennoscandian bedrock are elevated compared to Iceland, but lower than in Denmark and the Baltic countries. Compared to groundwater in the bedrock, groundwater in Quaternary deposits has usually lower concentrations of dissolved minerals. Unconfined Quaternary aquifers are vulnerable to contamination. Examples from Denmark and the Baltic countries illustrate challenges and successful effects of mitigation strategies for such aquifers related to agricultural application and management of nitrogen. Confined and deeper groundwater is better protected against anthropogenic contamination, but water quality may be affected by harmful compounds caused by geogenic processes (viz, sulfide, arsenic, fluoride, and radon). publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kitterød, Nils-Otto Kværner, Jens Aagaard, Per Arustiene, Jurga Bikše, Jānis Dagestad, Atle Gundersen, Pål Hansen, Birgitte Hjartarson, Árni Karro, Enn Klavins, Maris Marandi, Andres Radiene, Rasa Retike, Inga Rossi, Pekka M. Thorling, Lærke |
spellingShingle |
Kitterød, Nils-Otto Kværner, Jens Aagaard, Per Arustiene, Jurga Bikše, Jānis Dagestad, Atle Gundersen, Pål Hansen, Birgitte Hjartarson, Árni Karro, Enn Klavins, Maris Marandi, Andres Radiene, Rasa Retike, Inga Rossi, Pekka M. Thorling, Lærke Hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Nordic and Baltic countries |
author_facet |
Kitterød, Nils-Otto Kværner, Jens Aagaard, Per Arustiene, Jurga Bikše, Jānis Dagestad, Atle Gundersen, Pål Hansen, Birgitte Hjartarson, Árni Karro, Enn Klavins, Maris Marandi, Andres Radiene, Rasa Retike, Inga Rossi, Pekka M. Thorling, Lærke |
author_sort |
Kitterød, Nils-Otto |
title |
Hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Nordic and Baltic countries |
title_short |
Hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Nordic and Baltic countries |
title_full |
Hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Nordic and Baltic countries |
title_fullStr |
Hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Nordic and Baltic countries |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Nordic and Baltic countries |
title_sort |
hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the nordic and baltic countries |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3064206 https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.018 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Fennoscandian Iceland |
genre_facet |
Fennoscandian Iceland |
op_source |
958-982 53 Hydrology Research 7 |
op_relation |
Hydrology Research. 2022, 53 (7), 958-982. urn:issn:1998-9563 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3064206 https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.018 cristin:2056845 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.018 |
container_title |
Hydrology Research |
container_volume |
53 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
958 |
op_container_end_page |
982 |
_version_ |
1768386883795025920 |