Genetic variation in recombination rates and genetic shuffling in pigs, cattle and Atlantic salmon
Meiotic recombination ensures proper segregation of homologues chromosomes in meiosis while also breaking down linkage disequilibrium and creating novel haplotypes by shuffling alleles of genes located on the same chromosome. Understanding how rates and distribution of meiotic recombination vary bet...
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Language: | English |
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Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås
2022
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3038527 |
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ftunivmob:oai:nmbu.brage.unit.no:11250/3038527 2023-05-15T15:26:17+02:00 Genetic variation in recombination rates and genetic shuffling in pigs, cattle and Atlantic salmon Genetisk variasjon i rekombinasjonsrater og genetisk omstokking hos gris, storfe og Atlanterhavslaks Brekke, Cathrine Berg, Peer Johnston, Susan E. Gjuvsland, Arne B. Knutsen, Tim Martin 2022 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3038527 eng eng Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås PhD Thesis;2022:17 urn:isbn:978-82-575-1892-9 urn:issn:1894-6402 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3038527 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no CC-BY-NC-ND Recombination Linkage genetic shuffling Doctoral thesis 2022 ftunivmob 2022-12-21T23:44:10Z Meiotic recombination ensures proper segregation of homologues chromosomes in meiosis while also breaking down linkage disequilibrium and creating novel haplotypes by shuffling alleles of genes located on the same chromosome. Understanding how rates and distribution of meiotic recombination vary between populations, sex and individuals is of particular interest in breeding as it can break up unfavorable linkage and produce genetic variance to exploit in selection. In this study we use dense SNP marker data on full-sib families from Norwegian Red cattle, an Atlantic salmon breeding population and five different pig breeding populations to investigate the genetic variation in individual measures of recombination within and between domestic species. All three species exhibit marked sex differences, but with different direction and magnitude. Genome-wide rates are higher in females in pigs and Atlantic salmon, but higher in males in cattle. Heritability of genome-wide rates of recombination was low but significant in both sexes in all three species (ranging from h2 = 0.04 in female cattle to 0.12 in male Atlantic salmon) which is comparable to estimates in other mammalian species. We detected five regions associated with variation in individual recombination rates in pig with candidate genes associated with meiosis, namely PRDM7, MEI1, RNF212, SYCP2 and MSH4. In cattle, three loci were significantly associated with the trait with four candidate genes that have all been associated with individual recombination rates previously: CEP55, NEK9, MLH3 and RNF212b. The sex specific patterns of recombination in pigs and Atlantic salmon lead to marked differences in the amount of intrachromosomal shuffling of alleles in maternal and paternal gametes, however it is not clear how this affects the overall genetic shuffling in a breeding population across generations. The genetic variation, and oligogenic architecture suggests a potential for genetic change in overall rates and distribution of recombination in these populations. ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Atlanterhavslaks Atlantic salmon Open archive Norwegian University of Life Sciences: Brage NMBU |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Open archive Norwegian University of Life Sciences: Brage NMBU |
op_collection_id |
ftunivmob |
language |
English |
topic |
Recombination Linkage genetic shuffling |
spellingShingle |
Recombination Linkage genetic shuffling Brekke, Cathrine Genetic variation in recombination rates and genetic shuffling in pigs, cattle and Atlantic salmon |
topic_facet |
Recombination Linkage genetic shuffling |
description |
Meiotic recombination ensures proper segregation of homologues chromosomes in meiosis while also breaking down linkage disequilibrium and creating novel haplotypes by shuffling alleles of genes located on the same chromosome. Understanding how rates and distribution of meiotic recombination vary between populations, sex and individuals is of particular interest in breeding as it can break up unfavorable linkage and produce genetic variance to exploit in selection. In this study we use dense SNP marker data on full-sib families from Norwegian Red cattle, an Atlantic salmon breeding population and five different pig breeding populations to investigate the genetic variation in individual measures of recombination within and between domestic species. All three species exhibit marked sex differences, but with different direction and magnitude. Genome-wide rates are higher in females in pigs and Atlantic salmon, but higher in males in cattle. Heritability of genome-wide rates of recombination was low but significant in both sexes in all three species (ranging from h2 = 0.04 in female cattle to 0.12 in male Atlantic salmon) which is comparable to estimates in other mammalian species. We detected five regions associated with variation in individual recombination rates in pig with candidate genes associated with meiosis, namely PRDM7, MEI1, RNF212, SYCP2 and MSH4. In cattle, three loci were significantly associated with the trait with four candidate genes that have all been associated with individual recombination rates previously: CEP55, NEK9, MLH3 and RNF212b. The sex specific patterns of recombination in pigs and Atlantic salmon lead to marked differences in the amount of intrachromosomal shuffling of alleles in maternal and paternal gametes, however it is not clear how this affects the overall genetic shuffling in a breeding population across generations. The genetic variation, and oligogenic architecture suggests a potential for genetic change in overall rates and distribution of recombination in these populations. ... |
author2 |
Berg, Peer Johnston, Susan E. Gjuvsland, Arne B. Knutsen, Tim Martin |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Brekke, Cathrine |
author_facet |
Brekke, Cathrine |
author_sort |
Brekke, Cathrine |
title |
Genetic variation in recombination rates and genetic shuffling in pigs, cattle and Atlantic salmon |
title_short |
Genetic variation in recombination rates and genetic shuffling in pigs, cattle and Atlantic salmon |
title_full |
Genetic variation in recombination rates and genetic shuffling in pigs, cattle and Atlantic salmon |
title_fullStr |
Genetic variation in recombination rates and genetic shuffling in pigs, cattle and Atlantic salmon |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic variation in recombination rates and genetic shuffling in pigs, cattle and Atlantic salmon |
title_sort |
genetic variation in recombination rates and genetic shuffling in pigs, cattle and atlantic salmon |
publisher |
Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3038527 |
genre |
Atlanterhavslaks Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlanterhavslaks Atlantic salmon |
op_relation |
PhD Thesis;2022:17 urn:isbn:978-82-575-1892-9 urn:issn:1894-6402 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3038527 |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
_version_ |
1766356796561162240 |