Effects of the soybean antinutrients saponin, isoflavonoid, and phytosterol on morphology and immune responses in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon
Two experiments were included in this study. The first experiment was designed to investigate the effects of the soybean antinutrients saponins, isoflavonoids, phytosterols and the mix of them on the distal intestine morphology of Atlantic salmon. The fish were fed six different diets: positive cont...
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Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås
2020
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2726524 |
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ftunivmob:oai:nmbu.brage.unit.no:11250/2726524 2023-05-15T15:32:12+02:00 Effects of the soybean antinutrients saponin, isoflavonoid, and phytosterol on morphology and immune responses in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon Li, Hui Krogdahl, Åshild Storebakken, Trond 2020 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2726524 eng eng Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2726524 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no CC-BY-NC-ND soy protein concentrate saponin isoflavonoid phytosterol VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Fiskehelse: 923 Master thesis 2020 ftunivmob 2022-08-03T22:41:35Z Two experiments were included in this study. The first experiment was designed to investigate the effects of the soybean antinutrients saponins, isoflavonoids, phytosterols and the mix of them on the distal intestine morphology of Atlantic salmon. The fish were fed six different diets: positive control with soybean meal (SBM), negative control with soy protein concentrate (SPC), SPC added one of the following (level given as pure compound): 0.5% saponins (SPC+Sap), 1.5% isoflavonoids (SPC+Iso), 1% phytosterols (SPC+Phy), and a diet with SPC added a mix of the three antinutrients (SPC+Mix) in the same amounts as in the diet with the single inclusions. Fish fed SBM diets showed the typical characteristic of SBM induced enteritis (SBMIE) in the distal intestine, followed by mild signs of enteritis in fish fed SPC+Sap and SPC+mix. Fish with SPC, SPC+Iso and SPC+Phy showed normal intestinal morphology. Compared to fish fed SPC, somatic index of the distal intestine (DISI) was significantly lowered in fish fed SBM and SPC+Mix. Apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and lipid in fish fed SBM was significantly higher than in fish fed SPC-based diets. However, capacity of brush border membrane enzyme leucine aminopeptidase (LAP, mmol/kg body weight) in distal intestine (DI) and bile salt concentration of DI content were significantly decreased in fish fed SBM diet compared to fish fed SPC. Antinutrient supplementation tended to decrease bile salt concentration in DI chyme and plasma triglycerides (TG). The analyses of gene expression in DI tissue in fish fed SBM, showed upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine IL-17A, proliferating cell nuclear antigen PCNA, apoptosis gene caspase CASP6, heat shock protein 70 HSP70, tissue modeling gene collagenase3 MMP13 and down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine IL-8 indicated activation of immune responses, increased cell proliferation, as well as increased apoptosis, stress and cell repair during the development of SBMIE. In addition, upregulation of tight ... Master Thesis Atlantic salmon Open archive Norwegian University of Life Sciences: Brage NMBU |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Open archive Norwegian University of Life Sciences: Brage NMBU |
op_collection_id |
ftunivmob |
language |
English |
topic |
soy protein concentrate saponin isoflavonoid phytosterol VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Fiskehelse: 923 |
spellingShingle |
soy protein concentrate saponin isoflavonoid phytosterol VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Fiskehelse: 923 Li, Hui Effects of the soybean antinutrients saponin, isoflavonoid, and phytosterol on morphology and immune responses in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon |
topic_facet |
soy protein concentrate saponin isoflavonoid phytosterol VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Fiskehelse: 923 |
description |
Two experiments were included in this study. The first experiment was designed to investigate the effects of the soybean antinutrients saponins, isoflavonoids, phytosterols and the mix of them on the distal intestine morphology of Atlantic salmon. The fish were fed six different diets: positive control with soybean meal (SBM), negative control with soy protein concentrate (SPC), SPC added one of the following (level given as pure compound): 0.5% saponins (SPC+Sap), 1.5% isoflavonoids (SPC+Iso), 1% phytosterols (SPC+Phy), and a diet with SPC added a mix of the three antinutrients (SPC+Mix) in the same amounts as in the diet with the single inclusions. Fish fed SBM diets showed the typical characteristic of SBM induced enteritis (SBMIE) in the distal intestine, followed by mild signs of enteritis in fish fed SPC+Sap and SPC+mix. Fish with SPC, SPC+Iso and SPC+Phy showed normal intestinal morphology. Compared to fish fed SPC, somatic index of the distal intestine (DISI) was significantly lowered in fish fed SBM and SPC+Mix. Apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and lipid in fish fed SBM was significantly higher than in fish fed SPC-based diets. However, capacity of brush border membrane enzyme leucine aminopeptidase (LAP, mmol/kg body weight) in distal intestine (DI) and bile salt concentration of DI content were significantly decreased in fish fed SBM diet compared to fish fed SPC. Antinutrient supplementation tended to decrease bile salt concentration in DI chyme and plasma triglycerides (TG). The analyses of gene expression in DI tissue in fish fed SBM, showed upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine IL-17A, proliferating cell nuclear antigen PCNA, apoptosis gene caspase CASP6, heat shock protein 70 HSP70, tissue modeling gene collagenase3 MMP13 and down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine IL-8 indicated activation of immune responses, increased cell proliferation, as well as increased apoptosis, stress and cell repair during the development of SBMIE. In addition, upregulation of tight ... |
author2 |
Krogdahl, Åshild Storebakken, Trond |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Li, Hui |
author_facet |
Li, Hui |
author_sort |
Li, Hui |
title |
Effects of the soybean antinutrients saponin, isoflavonoid, and phytosterol on morphology and immune responses in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon |
title_short |
Effects of the soybean antinutrients saponin, isoflavonoid, and phytosterol on morphology and immune responses in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon |
title_full |
Effects of the soybean antinutrients saponin, isoflavonoid, and phytosterol on morphology and immune responses in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon |
title_fullStr |
Effects of the soybean antinutrients saponin, isoflavonoid, and phytosterol on morphology and immune responses in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of the soybean antinutrients saponin, isoflavonoid, and phytosterol on morphology and immune responses in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon |
title_sort |
effects of the soybean antinutrients saponin, isoflavonoid, and phytosterol on morphology and immune responses in the distal intestine of atlantic salmon |
publisher |
Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2726524 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_relation |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2726524 |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
_version_ |
1766362706542067712 |