Prey delivery and handling at the nest in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) : diel patterns and potential family conflicts

The prey items delivered at four osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nests in Østfold county, Norway, and the handling of these, were recorded on video during the nestling season in June-August of 2015. A total of 510 prey items were recorded, of which 491 were identified to order, family or species level, w...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Bjørgeengen, Silje
Other Authors: Sonerud, Geir A., Steen, Ronny
Format: Master Thesis
Language:unknown
Published: Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2403680
id ftunivmob:oai:nmbu.brage.unit.no:11250/2403680
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection Open archive Norwegian University of Life Sciences: Brage NMBU
op_collection_id ftunivmob
language unknown
topic osprey
fiskeørn
behavioural ecology
prey allocation
family conflicts
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488
spellingShingle osprey
fiskeørn
behavioural ecology
prey allocation
family conflicts
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488
Bjørgeengen, Silje
Prey delivery and handling at the nest in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) : diel patterns and potential family conflicts
topic_facet osprey
fiskeørn
behavioural ecology
prey allocation
family conflicts
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488
description The prey items delivered at four osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nests in Østfold county, Norway, and the handling of these, were recorded on video during the nestling season in June-August of 2015. A total of 510 prey items were recorded, of which 491 were identified to order, family or species level, while the remaining 19 prey items were only identified as fish. Carps (Cyprinidae sp.) were delivered most frequently (38.8%), while flounders (Pleuronectidae sp.), perches (Percidae sp.), mackerels (Scombridae sp.) and pikes (Esocidae sp.) were the other most common prey types by number (16.3%, 11.4%, 6.9% and 6.5%, respectively). At species level freshwater bream (Abramis brama), European flounder (Platichthys flesus), European perch (Perca fluviatilis), Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) and Northern pike (Esox lucius) were the most frequently delivered prey, and contributed with 48.2%, 12.0%, 8.5%, 5.4% and 6.0% to the total estimated prey body mass at capture, respectively. There was, however, a significant difference in delivered prey species between the nests. The probability of a prey delivery within an hour block was high during daylight, and especially high in the hour blocks between 07:00-09:00 and 17:00-19:00. The diel pattern of deliveries for the different types of prey items seemed to be partly determined by the ospreys’ hunting premises and partly determined by the assumed activity patterns of the prey type. In addition to the time of the day, the delivery of mackerels at the nest was strongly affected by the tidal cycle and wind speed. The male delivered 92.3% of all prey items, while the female dismembered prey items in all the cases where the nestlings received feeding assistance. The probability of assisted feeding decreased with increasing nestling age and increased with increasing prey mass. The nestlings were equally likely to feed unassisted as assisted on prey of average size at an age of 51 days. Mackerels were more likely to be delivered at the nest partially consumed, i.e. with more than just the head lacking, while perches were less likely so, compared to the other most commonly delivered prey types. Perches were also less likely to be delivered decapitated at the nest compared to the other prey types, and heavier prey were more likely to be decapitated prior to delivery than prey with a lower estimated body mass. The amount of prey received per nestling per monitored hour block during the nestling season decreased slightly throughout the monitoring period. Byttedyrleveringene ved fire fiskeørnreir (Pandion haliaetus) i Østfold fylke, Norge, og håndteringen av disse, ble videoovervåket gjennom hekkesesongen i 2015. Til sammen ble 510 byttedyrleveranse filmet, hvorav 491 ble bestemt til orden, familie eller art, mens de resterende 19 byttedyrene kun ble identifisert som fisk. Karpefisker (Cyprinidae sp.) ble levert oftest (38.8%), mens flyndrefisker, (Pleuronectidae sp.), abborfisker (Percidae sp.), makreller (Scombridae sp.) og gjeddefisker (Esocidae sp.) var de andre vanligste byttedyrtypene ut i fra antall (henholdsvis 16.3%, 11.4%, 6.9% of 6.5%). På artsnivå var brasme (Abramis brama), skrubbeflyndre (Platichthys flesus), abbor (Perca fluviatilis), makrell (Scomber scombrus) og gjedde (Esox lucius) de oftest leverte byttedyrene, og bidro med henholdsvis 48.2%, 12.0%, 8.5%, 5.4 og 6.0% til den totale estimerte fangede byttedyrmassen. Det var imidlertid en signifikant forskjell i leverte byttedyrarter mellom reirene. Sannsynligheten for at et byttedyr ble levert innen en timesblokk var høy så lenge det var dagslys, og spesielt høy i timesblokkene mellom 07:00-09:00 og 17:00-19:00. Aktivitetsmønsteret for leveringer av de ulike byttedyrtypene syntes å være dels styrt av fiskeørnas jaktforutsetninger og dels styrt av byttedyrtypenes antatte aktivitetsmønster. I tillegg til tid på døgnet hadde leveringene av makrell på reiret en sterk sammenheng med tidevannssyklus og vindstyrke. Hannen leverte 92.3% av alle byttedyrene, mens hunnen parterte byttedyrene i alle de tilfellene hvor ungene mottok assistanse. Sannsynligheten for assistert spising minsket med økende alder på ungene og økte med økende byttedyrmasse. Det var like sannsynlig at ungene spiste uassistert som assistert på byttedyr av gjennomsnittlig størrelse når de var 51 dager gamle. Makreller hadde høyere sannsynlighet for å bli levert delvis påspist (mer enn bare hodet), mens abborer hadde en lavere sannsynlighet, sammenlignet med de andre vanligste byttedyrtypene. Abborer hadde også en lavere sannsynlighet for å bli levert dekapitert på reiret sammenlignet med de andre byttedyrtypene, og tyngre byttedyr hadde større sannsynlighet for å være påspist enn byttedyr med en lavere estimert kroppsvekt. Mengden mat mottatt per unge per overvåkede timesblokk minket noe gjennom hekkesesongen som en respons av sesong. M-ECOL
author2 Sonerud, Geir A.
Steen, Ronny
format Master Thesis
author Bjørgeengen, Silje
author_facet Bjørgeengen, Silje
author_sort Bjørgeengen, Silje
title Prey delivery and handling at the nest in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) : diel patterns and potential family conflicts
title_short Prey delivery and handling at the nest in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) : diel patterns and potential family conflicts
title_full Prey delivery and handling at the nest in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) : diel patterns and potential family conflicts
title_fullStr Prey delivery and handling at the nest in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) : diel patterns and potential family conflicts
title_full_unstemmed Prey delivery and handling at the nest in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) : diel patterns and potential family conflicts
title_sort prey delivery and handling at the nest in ospreys (pandion haliaetus) : diel patterns and potential family conflicts
publisher Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås
publishDate 2016
url http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2403680
op_coverage Norway
long_lat ENVELOPE(-58.467,-58.467,-62.208,-62.208)
ENVELOPE(12.760,12.760,67.756,67.756)
geographic Norway
Brama
Reiret
geographic_facet Norway
Brama
Reiret
genre fiskeørn
Gjedde
Pandion haliaetus
genre_facet fiskeørn
Gjedde
Pandion haliaetus
op_source 96
op_relation http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2403680
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spelling ftunivmob:oai:nmbu.brage.unit.no:11250/2403680 2023-05-15T16:17:23+02:00 Prey delivery and handling at the nest in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) : diel patterns and potential family conflicts Bjørgeengen, Silje Sonerud, Geir A. Steen, Ronny Norway 2016-09-02 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2403680 unknown Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2403680 96 osprey fiskeørn behavioural ecology prey allocation family conflicts VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 Master thesis 2016 ftunivmob 2021-09-23T20:16:52Z The prey items delivered at four osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nests in Østfold county, Norway, and the handling of these, were recorded on video during the nestling season in June-August of 2015. A total of 510 prey items were recorded, of which 491 were identified to order, family or species level, while the remaining 19 prey items were only identified as fish. Carps (Cyprinidae sp.) were delivered most frequently (38.8%), while flounders (Pleuronectidae sp.), perches (Percidae sp.), mackerels (Scombridae sp.) and pikes (Esocidae sp.) were the other most common prey types by number (16.3%, 11.4%, 6.9% and 6.5%, respectively). At species level freshwater bream (Abramis brama), European flounder (Platichthys flesus), European perch (Perca fluviatilis), Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) and Northern pike (Esox lucius) were the most frequently delivered prey, and contributed with 48.2%, 12.0%, 8.5%, 5.4% and 6.0% to the total estimated prey body mass at capture, respectively. There was, however, a significant difference in delivered prey species between the nests. The probability of a prey delivery within an hour block was high during daylight, and especially high in the hour blocks between 07:00-09:00 and 17:00-19:00. The diel pattern of deliveries for the different types of prey items seemed to be partly determined by the ospreys’ hunting premises and partly determined by the assumed activity patterns of the prey type. In addition to the time of the day, the delivery of mackerels at the nest was strongly affected by the tidal cycle and wind speed. The male delivered 92.3% of all prey items, while the female dismembered prey items in all the cases where the nestlings received feeding assistance. The probability of assisted feeding decreased with increasing nestling age and increased with increasing prey mass. The nestlings were equally likely to feed unassisted as assisted on prey of average size at an age of 51 days. Mackerels were more likely to be delivered at the nest partially consumed, i.e. with more than just the head lacking, while perches were less likely so, compared to the other most commonly delivered prey types. Perches were also less likely to be delivered decapitated at the nest compared to the other prey types, and heavier prey were more likely to be decapitated prior to delivery than prey with a lower estimated body mass. The amount of prey received per nestling per monitored hour block during the nestling season decreased slightly throughout the monitoring period. Byttedyrleveringene ved fire fiskeørnreir (Pandion haliaetus) i Østfold fylke, Norge, og håndteringen av disse, ble videoovervåket gjennom hekkesesongen i 2015. Til sammen ble 510 byttedyrleveranse filmet, hvorav 491 ble bestemt til orden, familie eller art, mens de resterende 19 byttedyrene kun ble identifisert som fisk. Karpefisker (Cyprinidae sp.) ble levert oftest (38.8%), mens flyndrefisker, (Pleuronectidae sp.), abborfisker (Percidae sp.), makreller (Scombridae sp.) og gjeddefisker (Esocidae sp.) var de andre vanligste byttedyrtypene ut i fra antall (henholdsvis 16.3%, 11.4%, 6.9% of 6.5%). På artsnivå var brasme (Abramis brama), skrubbeflyndre (Platichthys flesus), abbor (Perca fluviatilis), makrell (Scomber scombrus) og gjedde (Esox lucius) de oftest leverte byttedyrene, og bidro med henholdsvis 48.2%, 12.0%, 8.5%, 5.4 og 6.0% til den totale estimerte fangede byttedyrmassen. Det var imidlertid en signifikant forskjell i leverte byttedyrarter mellom reirene. Sannsynligheten for at et byttedyr ble levert innen en timesblokk var høy så lenge det var dagslys, og spesielt høy i timesblokkene mellom 07:00-09:00 og 17:00-19:00. Aktivitetsmønsteret for leveringer av de ulike byttedyrtypene syntes å være dels styrt av fiskeørnas jaktforutsetninger og dels styrt av byttedyrtypenes antatte aktivitetsmønster. I tillegg til tid på døgnet hadde leveringene av makrell på reiret en sterk sammenheng med tidevannssyklus og vindstyrke. Hannen leverte 92.3% av alle byttedyrene, mens hunnen parterte byttedyrene i alle de tilfellene hvor ungene mottok assistanse. Sannsynligheten for assistert spising minsket med økende alder på ungene og økte med økende byttedyrmasse. Det var like sannsynlig at ungene spiste uassistert som assistert på byttedyr av gjennomsnittlig størrelse når de var 51 dager gamle. Makreller hadde høyere sannsynlighet for å bli levert delvis påspist (mer enn bare hodet), mens abborer hadde en lavere sannsynlighet, sammenlignet med de andre vanligste byttedyrtypene. Abborer hadde også en lavere sannsynlighet for å bli levert dekapitert på reiret sammenlignet med de andre byttedyrtypene, og tyngre byttedyr hadde større sannsynlighet for å være påspist enn byttedyr med en lavere estimert kroppsvekt. Mengden mat mottatt per unge per overvåkede timesblokk minket noe gjennom hekkesesongen som en respons av sesong. M-ECOL Master Thesis fiskeørn Gjedde Pandion haliaetus Open archive Norwegian University of Life Sciences: Brage NMBU Norway Brama ENVELOPE(-58.467,-58.467,-62.208,-62.208) Reiret ENVELOPE(12.760,12.760,67.756,67.756)