Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon?
PCNs were measured in air and snow during separate field campaigns at Ny-2lesund (April 2001) and Tromsb (February/ March 2003) in the Norwegian Arctic. Air concentrations ranged from 27 to 48 and 9 to 47 pg PPCN m 3 for Ny-Alesund (n=6) and Tromsb (n=10), respectively. These concentrations (includi...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28647 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.029 |
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ftunivmilanobic:oai:boa.unimib.it:10281/28647 2024-04-14T08:06:01+00:00 Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon? Herbert, BMJ Halsall, CJ Fitzpatrick, L Jones, KC Lee, RGM Kallenborn, R. VILLA, SARA Herbert, B Halsall, C Villa, S Fitzpatrick, L Jones, K Lee, R Kallenborn, R 2005 http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28647 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.029 eng eng Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/15866272 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000229599600006 volume:342 issue:1-3 firstpage:145 lastpage:160 numberofpages:16 journal:SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28647 doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.029 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-18144422774 POP Arctic snow BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2005 ftunivmilanobic https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.029 2024-03-21T16:37:48Z PCNs were measured in air and snow during separate field campaigns at Ny-2lesund (April 2001) and Tromsb (February/ March 2003) in the Norwegian Arctic. Air concentrations ranged from 27 to 48 and 9 to 47 pg PPCN m 3 for Ny-Alesund (n=6) and Tromsb (n=10), respectively. These concentrations (including the tri-chlorinated naphthalenes) greatly exceeded concentrations previously measured in the Canadian Arctic, but did fall within the upper range of concentrations observed over the eastern Arctic Ocean and regional seas. Local sources appear to be affecting concentrations observed at both sites, with the presence of several hexa-chlorinated naphthalenes at Tromsb probably attributed to local/regional sources. Use of air mass back trajectories at Tromsb revealed that background air concentrations in the Norwegian Arctic are likely to range between b 9 and 20 pg PPCN m 3 and that contemporary concentrations derived close to potential sources (i.e. arctic towns) may equal or exceed those of PCBs. The mean concentration in surface snow was 350 and 240 pg PPCN L 1 (meltwater) (or 0.014 and 0.01 pg g 1 (snow)) at Ny-2lesund and Tromsb, respectively. The wide variation in concentrations observed between fresh snowfalls could be explained by different snow densities (as a surrogate of snow surface area), rather than attributed to varying air concentrations. A statistically significant inverse relationship was found between snow density and concentrations of tri- to penta-chlorinated homologues and compliments similar findings for the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). This suggests that the vapour-sorbed quantity changes rapidly with snow ageing/compaction; with implications for the fate of these chemicals in the Arctic. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca: BOA (Bicocca Open Archive) Arctic Arctic Ocean Science of The Total Environment 342 1-3 145 160 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca: BOA (Bicocca Open Archive) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivmilanobic |
language |
English |
topic |
POP Arctic snow BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA |
spellingShingle |
POP Arctic snow BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA Herbert, BMJ Halsall, CJ Fitzpatrick, L Jones, KC Lee, RGM Kallenborn, R. VILLA, SARA Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon? |
topic_facet |
POP Arctic snow BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA |
description |
PCNs were measured in air and snow during separate field campaigns at Ny-2lesund (April 2001) and Tromsb (February/ March 2003) in the Norwegian Arctic. Air concentrations ranged from 27 to 48 and 9 to 47 pg PPCN m 3 for Ny-Alesund (n=6) and Tromsb (n=10), respectively. These concentrations (including the tri-chlorinated naphthalenes) greatly exceeded concentrations previously measured in the Canadian Arctic, but did fall within the upper range of concentrations observed over the eastern Arctic Ocean and regional seas. Local sources appear to be affecting concentrations observed at both sites, with the presence of several hexa-chlorinated naphthalenes at Tromsb probably attributed to local/regional sources. Use of air mass back trajectories at Tromsb revealed that background air concentrations in the Norwegian Arctic are likely to range between b 9 and 20 pg PPCN m 3 and that contemporary concentrations derived close to potential sources (i.e. arctic towns) may equal or exceed those of PCBs. The mean concentration in surface snow was 350 and 240 pg PPCN L 1 (meltwater) (or 0.014 and 0.01 pg g 1 (snow)) at Ny-2lesund and Tromsb, respectively. The wide variation in concentrations observed between fresh snowfalls could be explained by different snow densities (as a surrogate of snow surface area), rather than attributed to varying air concentrations. A statistically significant inverse relationship was found between snow density and concentrations of tri- to penta-chlorinated homologues and compliments similar findings for the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). This suggests that the vapour-sorbed quantity changes rapidly with snow ageing/compaction; with implications for the fate of these chemicals in the Arctic. |
author2 |
Herbert, B Halsall, C Villa, S Fitzpatrick, L Jones, K Lee, R Kallenborn, R |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Herbert, BMJ Halsall, CJ Fitzpatrick, L Jones, KC Lee, RGM Kallenborn, R. VILLA, SARA |
author_facet |
Herbert, BMJ Halsall, CJ Fitzpatrick, L Jones, KC Lee, RGM Kallenborn, R. VILLA, SARA |
author_sort |
Herbert, BMJ |
title |
Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon? |
title_short |
Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon? |
title_full |
Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon? |
title_fullStr |
Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon? |
title_sort |
polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the norwegian arctic: a local source or an eastern arctic phenomenon? |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28647 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.029 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/15866272 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000229599600006 volume:342 issue:1-3 firstpage:145 lastpage:160 numberofpages:16 journal:SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28647 doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.029 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-18144422774 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.029 |
container_title |
Science of The Total Environment |
container_volume |
342 |
container_issue |
1-3 |
container_start_page |
145 |
op_container_end_page |
160 |
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1796302632550137856 |