Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation
In recent decades the surface water temperature and salinity in the Labrador Sea have been influenced by atmospheric circulation patterns, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), as well as a trend to increasingly warm atmospheric temperatures in recent years. These changes are concerning, giv...
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ftunivmaynooth:oai:mural.maynoothuniversity.ie:13937 2023-05-15T17:06:02+02:00 Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation Orme, Lisa Miettinen, Arto Seidenkrantz, Marit-Solveig Tuominen, Kirsi Pearce, Christof Divine, Dmitry Oksman, Mimmi Kuijpers, Antoon 2020-10 text https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13937/ https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13937/1/Orme2020Newfoundland%281%29.pdf en eng SAGE Publications https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13937/1/Orme2020Newfoundland%281%29.pdf Orme, Lisa and Miettinen, Arto and Seidenkrantz, Marit-Solveig and Tuominen, Kirsi and Pearce, Christof and Divine, Dmitry and Oksman, Mimmi and Kuijpers, Antoon (2020) Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation. Holocene. ISSN 0959-6836 Article NonPeerReviewed 2020 ftunivmaynooth 2022-06-13T18:48:09Z In recent decades the surface water temperature and salinity in the Labrador Sea have been influenced by atmospheric circulation patterns, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), as well as a trend to increasingly warm atmospheric temperatures in recent years. These changes are concerning, given the important role that temperature and salinity have on deep convection in the Labrador Sea. Yet, due to the shortness of available records, the long-term patterns of climate variability in the region are not clear. Here, a diatom-based reconstruction of summer sea-surface temperature (SST) developed from Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, provides insight into variations of SST since 7.2 cal ka BP in the southwestern Labrador Sea. The results show that the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) lasted until c. 5.2 cal ka BP, which was followed by a gradual cooling trend overprinted by centennial temperature fluctuations of 1-2 degrees C. Long-term cooling was likely the result of declining Northern Hemisphere orbital summer insolation, potentially amplified by long-term changes in surface and bottom water salinity, which led to a gradual reduction in the stratification of the water column. Centennial fluctuations in temperature vary in-phase with reconstructed variations in the NAO, supporting a consistent relationship between atmospheric circulation and SST over centennial-millennial timescales. Other factors influencing the SST variability may have been solar forcing during the mid-Holocene and variations in the strength of the subpolar gyre during the late-Holocene. The most prolonged cool period at 5.2-4.1 cal ka BP coincides with sharply reduced salinity in the Labrador Sea and a weakening of deep ventilation in the northeast Atlantic, highlighting a period with altered ocean surface conditions and circulation across the northern North Atlantic. Article in Journal/Newspaper Labrador Sea Newfoundland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Northeast Atlantic Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (National University of Ireland) Newfoundland |
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Open Polar |
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Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (National University of Ireland) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivmaynooth |
language |
English |
description |
In recent decades the surface water temperature and salinity in the Labrador Sea have been influenced by atmospheric circulation patterns, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), as well as a trend to increasingly warm atmospheric temperatures in recent years. These changes are concerning, given the important role that temperature and salinity have on deep convection in the Labrador Sea. Yet, due to the shortness of available records, the long-term patterns of climate variability in the region are not clear. Here, a diatom-based reconstruction of summer sea-surface temperature (SST) developed from Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, provides insight into variations of SST since 7.2 cal ka BP in the southwestern Labrador Sea. The results show that the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) lasted until c. 5.2 cal ka BP, which was followed by a gradual cooling trend overprinted by centennial temperature fluctuations of 1-2 degrees C. Long-term cooling was likely the result of declining Northern Hemisphere orbital summer insolation, potentially amplified by long-term changes in surface and bottom water salinity, which led to a gradual reduction in the stratification of the water column. Centennial fluctuations in temperature vary in-phase with reconstructed variations in the NAO, supporting a consistent relationship between atmospheric circulation and SST over centennial-millennial timescales. Other factors influencing the SST variability may have been solar forcing during the mid-Holocene and variations in the strength of the subpolar gyre during the late-Holocene. The most prolonged cool period at 5.2-4.1 cal ka BP coincides with sharply reduced salinity in the Labrador Sea and a weakening of deep ventilation in the northeast Atlantic, highlighting a period with altered ocean surface conditions and circulation across the northern North Atlantic. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Orme, Lisa Miettinen, Arto Seidenkrantz, Marit-Solveig Tuominen, Kirsi Pearce, Christof Divine, Dmitry Oksman, Mimmi Kuijpers, Antoon |
spellingShingle |
Orme, Lisa Miettinen, Arto Seidenkrantz, Marit-Solveig Tuominen, Kirsi Pearce, Christof Divine, Dmitry Oksman, Mimmi Kuijpers, Antoon Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation |
author_facet |
Orme, Lisa Miettinen, Arto Seidenkrantz, Marit-Solveig Tuominen, Kirsi Pearce, Christof Divine, Dmitry Oksman, Mimmi Kuijpers, Antoon |
author_sort |
Orme, Lisa |
title |
Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_short |
Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_full |
Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_fullStr |
Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_sort |
mid to late-holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern newfoundland and its linkage to the north atlantic oscillation |
publisher |
SAGE Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13937/ https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13937/1/Orme2020Newfoundland%281%29.pdf |
geographic |
Newfoundland |
geographic_facet |
Newfoundland |
genre |
Labrador Sea Newfoundland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Northeast Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Labrador Sea Newfoundland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Northeast Atlantic |
op_relation |
https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13937/1/Orme2020Newfoundland%281%29.pdf Orme, Lisa and Miettinen, Arto and Seidenkrantz, Marit-Solveig and Tuominen, Kirsi and Pearce, Christof and Divine, Dmitry and Oksman, Mimmi and Kuijpers, Antoon (2020) Mid to late-Holocene sea-surface temperature variability off north-eastern Newfoundland and its linkage to the North Atlantic Oscillation. Holocene. ISSN 0959-6836 |
_version_ |
1766060935658602496 |