Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016

Major changes are occurring across the North Atlantic climate system, including in the atmosphere, ocean and cryosphere, and many observed changes are unprecedented in instrumental records. As the changes in the North Atlantic directly affect the climate and air quality of the surrounding continents...

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Main Authors: Robson, Jon, Sutton, Rowan T, Archibald, Alex, Cooper, Fenwick, Christensen, Matthew, Gray, Lesley J., Holliday, N. Penny, Macintosh, Claire, McMillan, Malcom, Moat, Ben, Russo, Maria, Tilling, Rachel, Carslaw, Ken, Desbruyères, Damien, Embury, Owen, Feltham, Daniel L., Grosvenor, Daniel P., Josey, Simon, King, Brian, Lewis, Alistair, McCarthy, Gerard, Merchant, Chris, New, Adrian L., O'Reilly, Christopher H., Osprey, Scott M., Readhead, Katie, Scaife, Adam A., Shepherd, Andrew, Sinha, Bablu, Smeed, David A., Smith, Doug, Ridout, Andrew, Woolings, Tim, Yang, Mingxi
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Royal Meteorological Society 2018
Subjects:
Online Access:https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/12178/
https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/12178/1/McCarty_Recent_2018.pdf
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spelling ftunivmaynooth:oai:mural.maynoothuniversity.ie:12178 2024-04-28T08:11:31+00:00 Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016 Robson, Jon Sutton, Rowan T Archibald, Alex Cooper, Fenwick Christensen, Matthew Gray, Lesley J. Holliday, N. Penny Macintosh, Claire McMillan, Malcom Moat, Ben Russo, Maria Tilling, Rachel Carslaw, Ken Desbruyères, Damien Embury, Owen Feltham, Daniel L. Grosvenor, Daniel P. Josey, Simon King, Brian Lewis, Alistair McCarthy, Gerard Merchant, Chris New, Adrian L. O'Reilly, Christopher H. Osprey, Scott M. Readhead, Katie Scaife, Adam A. Shepherd, Andrew Sinha, Bablu Smeed, David A. Smith, Doug Ridout, Andrew Woolings, Tim Yang, Mingxi 2018-09-05 text https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/12178/ https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/12178/1/McCarty_Recent_2018.pdf en eng Royal Meteorological Society https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/12178/1/McCarty_Recent_2018.pdf Robson, Jon and Sutton, Rowan T and Archibald, Alex and Cooper, Fenwick and Christensen, Matthew and Gray, Lesley J. and Holliday, N. Penny and Macintosh, Claire and McMillan, Malcom and Moat, Ben and Russo, Maria and Tilling, Rachel and Carslaw, Ken and Desbruyères, Damien and Embury, Owen and Feltham, Daniel L. and Grosvenor, Daniel P. and Josey, Simon and King, Brian and Lewis, Alistair and McCarthy, Gerard and Merchant, Chris and New, Adrian L. and O'Reilly, Christopher H. and Osprey, Scott M. and Readhead, Katie and Scaife, Adam A. and Shepherd, Andrew and Sinha, Bablu and Smeed, David A. and Smith, Doug and Ridout, Andrew and Woolings, Tim and Yang, Mingxi (2018) Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016. International Journal of Climatology, 38 (14). pp. 5050-5076. ISSN 1097-0088 Article PeerReviewed 2018 ftunivmaynooth 2024-04-09T23:30:38Z Major changes are occurring across the North Atlantic climate system, including in the atmosphere, ocean and cryosphere, and many observed changes are unprecedented in instrumental records. As the changes in the North Atlantic directly affect the climate and air quality of the surrounding continents, it is important to fully understand how and why the changes are taking place, not least to predict how the region will change in the future. To this end, this article characterizes the recent observed changes in the North Atlantic region, especially in the period 2005–2016, across many different aspects of the system including: atmospheric circulation; atmospheric composition; clouds and aerosols; ocean circulation and properties; and the cryosphere. Recent changes include: an increase in the speed of the North Atlantic jet stream in winter; a southward shift in the North Atlantic jet stream in summer, associated with a weakening summer North Atlantic Oscillation; increases in ozone and methane; increases in net absorbed radiation in the mid‐latitude western Atlantic, linked to an increase in the abundance of high level clouds and a reduction in low level clouds; cooling of sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre, concomitant with increases in the western subtropical gyre, and a decline in the Atlantic Ocean's overturning circulation; a decline in Atlantic sector Arctic sea ice and rapid melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet. There are many interactions between these changes, but these interactions are poorly understood. This article concludes by highlighting some of the key outstanding questions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland Ice Sheet North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (National University of Ireland)
institution Open Polar
collection Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (National University of Ireland)
op_collection_id ftunivmaynooth
language English
description Major changes are occurring across the North Atlantic climate system, including in the atmosphere, ocean and cryosphere, and many observed changes are unprecedented in instrumental records. As the changes in the North Atlantic directly affect the climate and air quality of the surrounding continents, it is important to fully understand how and why the changes are taking place, not least to predict how the region will change in the future. To this end, this article characterizes the recent observed changes in the North Atlantic region, especially in the period 2005–2016, across many different aspects of the system including: atmospheric circulation; atmospheric composition; clouds and aerosols; ocean circulation and properties; and the cryosphere. Recent changes include: an increase in the speed of the North Atlantic jet stream in winter; a southward shift in the North Atlantic jet stream in summer, associated with a weakening summer North Atlantic Oscillation; increases in ozone and methane; increases in net absorbed radiation in the mid‐latitude western Atlantic, linked to an increase in the abundance of high level clouds and a reduction in low level clouds; cooling of sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre, concomitant with increases in the western subtropical gyre, and a decline in the Atlantic Ocean's overturning circulation; a decline in Atlantic sector Arctic sea ice and rapid melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet. There are many interactions between these changes, but these interactions are poorly understood. This article concludes by highlighting some of the key outstanding questions.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Robson, Jon
Sutton, Rowan T
Archibald, Alex
Cooper, Fenwick
Christensen, Matthew
Gray, Lesley J.
Holliday, N. Penny
Macintosh, Claire
McMillan, Malcom
Moat, Ben
Russo, Maria
Tilling, Rachel
Carslaw, Ken
Desbruyères, Damien
Embury, Owen
Feltham, Daniel L.
Grosvenor, Daniel P.
Josey, Simon
King, Brian
Lewis, Alistair
McCarthy, Gerard
Merchant, Chris
New, Adrian L.
O'Reilly, Christopher H.
Osprey, Scott M.
Readhead, Katie
Scaife, Adam A.
Shepherd, Andrew
Sinha, Bablu
Smeed, David A.
Smith, Doug
Ridout, Andrew
Woolings, Tim
Yang, Mingxi
spellingShingle Robson, Jon
Sutton, Rowan T
Archibald, Alex
Cooper, Fenwick
Christensen, Matthew
Gray, Lesley J.
Holliday, N. Penny
Macintosh, Claire
McMillan, Malcom
Moat, Ben
Russo, Maria
Tilling, Rachel
Carslaw, Ken
Desbruyères, Damien
Embury, Owen
Feltham, Daniel L.
Grosvenor, Daniel P.
Josey, Simon
King, Brian
Lewis, Alistair
McCarthy, Gerard
Merchant, Chris
New, Adrian L.
O'Reilly, Christopher H.
Osprey, Scott M.
Readhead, Katie
Scaife, Adam A.
Shepherd, Andrew
Sinha, Bablu
Smeed, David A.
Smith, Doug
Ridout, Andrew
Woolings, Tim
Yang, Mingxi
Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016
author_facet Robson, Jon
Sutton, Rowan T
Archibald, Alex
Cooper, Fenwick
Christensen, Matthew
Gray, Lesley J.
Holliday, N. Penny
Macintosh, Claire
McMillan, Malcom
Moat, Ben
Russo, Maria
Tilling, Rachel
Carslaw, Ken
Desbruyères, Damien
Embury, Owen
Feltham, Daniel L.
Grosvenor, Daniel P.
Josey, Simon
King, Brian
Lewis, Alistair
McCarthy, Gerard
Merchant, Chris
New, Adrian L.
O'Reilly, Christopher H.
Osprey, Scott M.
Readhead, Katie
Scaife, Adam A.
Shepherd, Andrew
Sinha, Bablu
Smeed, David A.
Smith, Doug
Ridout, Andrew
Woolings, Tim
Yang, Mingxi
author_sort Robson, Jon
title Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016
title_short Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016
title_full Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016
title_fullStr Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016
title_full_unstemmed Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016
title_sort recent multivariate changes in the north atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016
publisher Royal Meteorological Society
publishDate 2018
url https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/12178/
https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/12178/1/McCarty_Recent_2018.pdf
genre Arctic
Greenland
Ice Sheet
North Atlantic
North Atlantic oscillation
Sea ice
genre_facet Arctic
Greenland
Ice Sheet
North Atlantic
North Atlantic oscillation
Sea ice
op_relation https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/12178/1/McCarty_Recent_2018.pdf
Robson, Jon and Sutton, Rowan T and Archibald, Alex and Cooper, Fenwick and Christensen, Matthew and Gray, Lesley J. and Holliday, N. Penny and Macintosh, Claire and McMillan, Malcom and Moat, Ben and Russo, Maria and Tilling, Rachel and Carslaw, Ken and Desbruyères, Damien and Embury, Owen and Feltham, Daniel L. and Grosvenor, Daniel P. and Josey, Simon and King, Brian and Lewis, Alistair and McCarthy, Gerard and Merchant, Chris and New, Adrian L. and O'Reilly, Christopher H. and Osprey, Scott M. and Readhead, Katie and Scaife, Adam A. and Shepherd, Andrew and Sinha, Bablu and Smeed, David A. and Smith, Doug and Ridout, Andrew and Woolings, Tim and Yang, Mingxi (2018) Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016. International Journal of Climatology, 38 (14). pp. 5050-5076. ISSN 1097-0088
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