Ekološka kriminaliteta skozi prizmo kriminoloških teorij

• Main Author: Sluga, David
• Other Authors: Meško, Gorazd
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: D. Sluga 2018
• Subjects: magistrska dela; ekološka kriminaliteta; kriminologija; kriminološke teorije; environmental crime; criminology; criminological theories; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/343.9:551.583(043.2); sami
• Online Access: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=71499; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=128723&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/3609578?lang=sl

Kriminologija se je od začetkov v klasicizmu ter pozitivizmu razvila v vedo, ki uporablja, se povezuje in izhaja iz drugih ved ter se opira na spoznanja le-teh, da preuči pojav kriminalitete, nakar svoja spoznanja povezuje v teorije. Te so v magistrskem delu preučene in prenesene na področje ekološke kriminalitete. Ekološka kriminaliteta zajema vso kriminaliteto zoper okolje v vseh oblikah. Pojavnih oblik te vrste kriminalitete je zelo veliko, med seboj pa se lahko zelo razlikujejo. Zato je potrebno vsako obliko te kriminalitete vzeti kot svojo in ne le del celote, ki ima preprosto in celovito rešitev. Magistrsko delo nudi sistematičen vpogled v prenos spoznanj kriminologije na področje ekološke kriminalitete. Spremembe, ki so nujne za zaustavitev navala ekološkega kriminala in preprečitev nadaljnje škode naravi vključujejo povečanje pozornosti namenjene tej temi, tako na akademskem in profesionalnem področju kot tudi v vsakdanu, ureditev in uskladitev zakonodaje, ki ščiti naravo, povezovanje in sodelovanje vseh akterjev, ki so zadolženi za naravo, ter integracijo teh akterjev v misli ljudi. Kaznovanje ekološke kriminalitete je trenutno neučinkovito, saj so kazni smešno nizke, odkrivanje in pregon storilcev pa izjemno težak in zapleten. Potrebno je torej zaostriti kazni, preložiti breme restitucije na pleča povzročiteljev te škode in posvetiti več pozornosti iskanju novih, bolj učinkovitih načinov odkrivanja in preganjana storilcev ekološke kriminalitete. Ne nazadnje pa moramo ljudje sami spremeniti naš način življenja in družbeno ustrojenost, da bomo kot vrsta bolj prijazni naravi in bomo postali njeni varuhi, ne njeni uničevalci. Criminology has developed since its beginnings in classicism and positivism into a science that uses, connects to and stems from a myriad of other sciences and bases its conclusions on their knowledge. Such conclusions are then presented in the form of theories. These are studied in this thesis and transferred onto the field of environmental crime. Environmental crime envelops all crime that damages nature in all its forms. These are numerous and they can differ immensly between each other. That is why it is important to conceptualize each form as its own, not part of a whole which has a simple and straightforward solution. This thesis provides a systematic insight into transferrence of criminological findings to the field of environmental crime. Changes which are crucial to stop the tide of environmental crime and prevent further damage to nature include increased attention given to this problem in academic and professional circles as well as in everyday life, streamlining and coordinating legislature that protects the environment, integration and cooperation of all parties responsible for nature as well as integration into the lives of the population. Sanctioning of environmental crime is still ineffective since fines are ridiculously low as is the chance that the perpetrator will be discovered and punished. Therefore it is crucial that the punisments be harsher, restituion of nature as it was before the crime was committed be shifted onto the perpetrator and more attention be given to finding new and better ways of discovering and prosecuting the perpetrators. Last but not least mankind as a species needs to change its way of life and structure of society so that we become nature's guardians not destroyers.