Oblikovanje matematičnih besedilnih nalog učencev 3. razreda na podlagi fotografij

• Main Author: Kolman, Simona
• Other Authors: Lipovec, Alenka
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: S. Kolman 2017
• Subjects: matematika; problemska situacija; matematični problem; besedilne naloge; oblikovanje besedilnih nalog; mathematics; problem situation; mathematical problem; word problems; preparation of word problems; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/37.091.3:51(043.2); sami
• Online Access: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=68359; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=118291&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/23426568?lang=sl

Magistrsko delo je sestavljeno iz teoretičnega in empiričnega dela. V teoretičnem delu sta predstavljena pojma problemska situacija in matematični problem skupaj z značilnostmi. Opisan je pomen vključevanja matematičnih problemov v pouk. Nato so dodani cilji iz učnega načrta, ki se navezujejo na matematične probleme. Sledita opis vključevanja dejavnosti oblikovanja besedilnih nalog v pouk matematike in predstavitev izhodišč, na podlagi katerih lahko učenci sami oblikujejo besedilne naloge. Poudarjeno je oblikovanje besedilnih nalog na podlagi fotografij. V empiričnem delu so predstavljeni rezultati testa, ki so ga reševali tretješolci. Njihova naloga je bila, da so si med dvanajstimi ponujenimi fotografijami izbrali dve in na podlagi vsake izbrane fotografije zapisali po eno besedilno nalogo in njeno rešitev. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so učenci v tretjem razredu sposobni samostojno oblikovati matematično besedilno nalogo, vendar niso bile vse zapisane besedilne naloge rešljive. Prav tako niso vsi pravilno rešili svojih nalog. Učenci so v besedilnih nalogah največkrat uporabili računski operaciji seštevanja in odštevanja ter opisali nerealistične življenjske situacije. The Master’s thesis consists of the theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part presents the terms problem situation and mathematical problem along with its characteristics. Described is the importance of including mathematical problems into lessons. The thesis continues with goals from the curriculum concerning mathematical problems. This is followed by a description of the inclusion of the preparation of word problems into mathematical lessons and the presentation of backgrounds based on which students can prepare word problems on their own. Emphasized is the preparation of word problems based on photographs. The empirical part presents results of the test, solved by third graders. Their task was to choose two photographs out of twelve and write a word problem and its solution based on each selected photograph. The results of the research showed that students of the third grade are able to independently prepare a mathematic word problem. However, not all of the written word problems were solvable, also, not all of them did solve their tasks correctly. In the word problems, the students most used the arithmetical calculations of addition and subtraction. They described unrealistic life situations.