Geografska variabilnost mandibule črne podgane, Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758)

• Main Author: Hozjan, Maja
• Other Authors: Janžekovič, Franc
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: [M. Hozjan] 2016
• Subjects: Rattus rattus; spodnja čeljustnica; sekundarni spolni dimorfizem; geografska variabilnost; geometrijska morfometrija; mandible; secondary gender dimorphism; geographic variability; geometric morphometry; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/599.323.452(043.2)
• Online Access: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=64221; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=106139&dn=; http://www.cobiss.si/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=cobib&rid=22726664&fmt=11

Tema diplomskega dela je bila analiza geografske variabilnosti črne podgane, Rattus rattus. Analiza je obsegala 206 mandibul pridobljenih iz treh muzejskih zbirk, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Univerze Krakow in Prirodoslovnega muzeja Slovenije (PMS). Namen mojega dela je bil, da s pomočjo geometrijske morfometrije analiziram geografsko variabilnost med trinajstimi geografskimi vzorci in sekundarni spolni dimorfizem znotraj vrste. Najprej sem določila štirinajst oslonilnih točk na čeljustnicah, nato pa sem opravila uni- in multivariatne analize, pri čemer je analiza velikosti in oblike čeljustnic potekala ločeno. Ugotovila sem, da sekundarni spolni dimorfizem ni izražen niti v velikosti, niti v obliki mandibule. Ugotovila sem tudi, da so prisotne razlike v velikosti in obliki mandibule pri črnih podganah iz različnih geografskih območij. Oblika mandibule podgan, ki živijo v centralni Afriki se razlikuje od oblike podgan, ki živijo v Evropi. Razlike v obliki mandibule so najbolj vidne na konici kavljastega podaljška ter na konici angularnega izrastka. Razlike v velikosti so najbolj izražene med osebki iz Cipra in osebki iz južne Afrike. Osebki iz Cipra imajo največje, osebki iz južne Afrike pa najmanjše mandibule. The subject of the diploma paper was the morphometric analysis of geographical variability of black rat, Rattus rattus. The analysis included 206 mandibles from two museum collections. The purpose of the paper was to analyse geographical variability and secondary sexual dimorphism within the species with geometrical morphometrics. 14 control points on jawbones were determined, followed by uni- and multi-variant analyses, with separate analysis of size and shape of jawbones. I established that the secondary sexual dimorphism is not expressed neither in size nor in shape of the mandible. I confirmed that there are differences in shape of the mandibles of black rats from different geographical areas. The mandible shape of rats who live in central Africa is defferent than the mandible of rats from Europe. The differences in shape of the mandible are most visible on the edge of the coronoid process. The differences in size can be detected in specimens from Cyprus and South Africa. Specimens from Cyprus have the largest, and the specimen from South Africa have the smaller mandibles.