DEJAVNIKI, POVEZANI Z ODLOČITVIJO ZA POMOČ NA DOMU Z VIDIKA SOCIALNIH OSKRBOVALCEV - Cerkvenik Marn, Nina (2015)
Starost je stanje naroda ali posameznika, staranje pa je proces, ki traja od rojstva do smrti. Življenjska doba starih ljudi se zaradi vse večjega zdravstvenega napredka podaljšuje in visoka starost je lahko velik dosežek, hkrati pa tudi izziv za našo družbo. Skrb za starega človeka ni stvar posameznika, ampak celotne družbe. Tukaj pa nastopijo svojci in izvajalci pomoči na domu. V prihodnosti se bo delež ljudi, ki potrebujejo dolgotrajno oskrbo, povečal. Vzroka sta vse večje število starostnikov, ki bodo potrebovali pomoč, pri opravljanju vsakodnevnih opravil,+ in vse manjša zmožnost družine, da nudi oskrbo. Osnovni namen in cilj izvajanja storitev pomoči na domu je, da se upravičencem omogoči čim kvalitetnejše življenje in bivanje v domačem okolju. Hkrati pa s tem preprečujemo osamljenost in predvsem razbremenimo svojce. Socialni oskrbovalci so tisti, ki morajo imeti pozitiven odnos do ljudi, ki morajo znati ukrepati v nepredvidljivih situacijah in po najboljših močeh pomagati uporabnikom. Uporabniki se na svoje izvajalce lahko tudi navežejo, zato morajo izvajalci znati postaviti mejo. Prvi del magistrske naloge temelji na teoriji. Predstavili smo staranje prebivalstva v Sloveniji in Evropi, različna življenjska obdobja, ter kakšna je kakovost življenja v starosti. Opisali smo zgodovino, razvoj in začetke pomoči na domu, ter predstavili kako pomembno je bivanje starostnikov v domačem okolju. V drugem delu smo raziskovali dejavnike, ki so povezani z odločitvijo za pomoč na domu z vidika socialnih oskrbovalcev. Raziskava je potekala z anketnim vprašalnikom. Socialne oskrbovalce smo spraševali po njihovih izkušnjah pri delu na terenu. Predstavili smo tri hipoteze, ki smo jih sprejeli ali ovrgli. Rezultate smo analizirali s programom SPSS. Za konec smo podali ugotovitve in predlagali nove rešitve. Raziskava je pokazala, da se starostniki najpogosteje odločajo za pomoč na domu, ker jim svojci ne morejo ponuditi dovolj pomoči in zaradi slabega zdravstvenega stanja. Največkrat živijo sami ali pa so ovdoveli. V storitev pomoči na domu bi se lahko vključevalo več starostnikov, vendar se zaradi slabe informiranosti in slabega finančnega stanja ne vključujejo. Oskrba na domu je pomembna za zagotavljanje kakovosti življenja starostnikov, ki si želijo ostati v domačem okolju, ter za lažje usklajevanje družinskega življenja s svojci. Age is a state of the nation or individual, aging is a process that lasts from birth to death. Life expectancy of older people is growing due to the growing health progress and old age can be a great achievement, but in the same time a challenge for our society. Caring for the elderly is not a matter of individuals but society as a whole. In that, moment relatives and contractors help at home step in. In the future, the proportion of people in need of long-term care will increase. The reason for that is growing number of elderly people, which will need assistance in performing everyday tasks and decreasing ability of families to provide care. The primary purpose and objective of the service of home help is to allow beneficiaries to make most quality life staying at home environment. At the same time with that, we prevent loneliness and above all relieve relatives. Social caregivers are the ones who should have a positive attitude towards people who need to be able to act in unpredictable situations and to make every effort to assist users. Users can also develop attachment to their caregivers, so operators should be able to set a limit. The first part of the master's thesis is based on the theory. We presented an aging population in Slovenia and Europe, different stages of life and what is the quality of life in old age. We described history, development and the beginnings of help at home, and present how important it is for elderly people to stay at home environment. In the second part, we investigated the factors associated with the decision for homecare in terms of social care. The survey was conducted through a questionnaire. We asked social caregivers about their experiences with fieldwork. We presented three hypotheses, which we accept or refute. The results were analyzed with SPSS software. In the end, we have made the findings and proposed new solutions. Research has shown that older people commonly decide on help at home because their relatives cannot offer sufficient aid and due to ill health. Most of them living alone or are widowed. The services of domestic help could include more of elderly people, but due to the poor information and poor financial situation, they do not involve. Home care is important for ensuring the quality of life of older people who wish to remain in their home environment and to facilitate the reconciliation of family life with their relatives.