Nasilje v družini nad otroki z duševno motnjo s kazenskopravnega vidika : diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študija Varnost in policijsko delo

• Main Author: Erjavc, Natalija
• Other Authors: Zgaga, Sabina
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: N. Erjavc 2013
• Subjects: nasilje; nasilje v družini; fizično nasilje; spolno nasilje; psihično nasilje; otroci; duševne motnje; kazensko pravo; kazenski postopek; kazenske sankcije; preprečevanje; pomoč žrtvam; nevladne organizacije; diplomske naloge; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/343:343.615(043.2); sami
• Online Access: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=41523; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=57468&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/2683370?lang=sl

Družino si predstavljamo kot prostor, kamor se lahko zatekamo pred neprijetnimi situacijami, kot prostor, kjer naj ne bi bilo konfliktov, kjer naj bi vsi živeli spokojno in v miru ter družinski ljubezni, vendar to že zdavnaj ne drži več. Vedno več je nasilja v družini, kjer so žrtve otroci, bodisi posredno ali neposredno. Nad njimi se izvajajo različne oblike nasilja, bodisi psihično, fizično, spolno, ekonomsko ali pa so zanemarjeni s strani staršev. V tem diplomskem delu je izpostavljeno nasilje v družini nad otroki, ki imajo duševno motnjo, hkrati pa tudi nasilje v družini nad otroki, ki so socialno normalno razviti, vendar so žrtve nasilja v družini. Seveda pa je največja težava nasilje nad otroki z duševno motnjo, kajti otroci, ki imajo težko in težjo duševno motnjo niso sposobni skrbeti sami zase in nasilje v družini težko prijavijo, kajti oni ne vedo da so žrtve. Zato je potrebno takim otrokom pomagati in jih zaščititi. Veliko nevladnih in vladnih organizacij se zavzema za to, ampak delo še zdaleč ni končano, so šele na začetku in na dobri poti do cilja. V veliko pomoč so jim Zakon o preprečevanju družinskega nasilja, Zakon o usmerjanju otrok s posebnimi potrebami in veliko drugih družinskih zakonov, ki opredeljujejo problem nasilja v družini. Nasilje v družini se obravnava tudi po različnih pravnih postopkih, najpomembnejši je kazenski postopek, sledita mu civilni in upravni postopek. V postopkih, kjer so žrtve nasilja v družini otroci, storilci nasilja v družini pa starši, se otroka obravnava kot privilegirano pričo, saj je v sorodstvenem razmerju s storilcem. Poleg tega so pravni postopki naklonjeni otrokom, saj jim skušajo povzročiti čim manjše travme. Tudi kazenski zakonik 1 opredeljuje zaporne kazni za kazniva dejanja nasilja v družini. A family is seen as a safe haven we turn to when faced with unpleasant situations, as an environment free of conflict, where everyone enjoys harmony, peace and family love, but this has not been the case for a while now. Domestic violence with victimised children, either directly or indirectly affected, is increasing. They are exposed to various forms of violence i.e. mental, physical, sexual, economical abuse or plain neglect by their parents. This thesis focuses on domestic violence against children with a mental disorder, and also on violence against children with a normal social development but with exposure to abuse in the family. The biggest problem is of course violence against children with a mental disorder, because children with severe disabilities are incapable of taking care of themselves and have problems reporting domestic violence or abuse because they are unaware that they are victims of such abuse. That is why these children need help and protection. There are several non-governmental and government organisations supporting such actions, but the work is far from over because they have only just begun, but they are on the right track. The Domestic Violence Prevention Act, Placement of Children with Special Needs Act and various other family acts dealing with domestic violence help them with their work. Domestic violence is also covered by several legal proceedings, the most important being the criminal law procedure, followed by the civil and administrative proceedings. Procedures with children as the victims of domestic violence and parents as violent offenders deal with children as privileged witnesses because of the family ties with the offender. Furthermore, legal proceedings favour children in order to minimise the negative psychological effect. The criminal legislation also determines imprisonment periods for criminal offences caused by domestic violence.