HIPODERMOKLIZA - POZNAVANJE IN UPORABA V SOCIALNOVARSTVENIH ZAVODIH - Prestor, Irena (I. Prestor, 2011)
Ena najpomembnejših življenjskih aktivnosti po Virginii Henderson je prehranjevanje in pitje. Slednje ima vsekakor najpomembnejšo življenjsko vlogo takoj za dihanjem. Brez hrane človek lahko preživi kar nekaj časa, če mu je zagotovljena voda za ustrezno hidracijo. Zagotavljanje ustrezne tekočinske bilance je ena od aktivnosti zdravstvene nege pri starostnikih v socialnovarstvenih zavodih pri tistih stanovalcih, ki tega iz kakršnega koli razloga sami ne zmorejo zagotavljati. Kadar vnos ustrezne količine tekočin po oralni poti ni zadovoljiv bodisi zaradi težav s požiranjem ali odklanjanja tekočeine iz različnih vzrokov, je potrebno poiskati drugo možnost. Ena od teh je hipodermokliza - aplikacija tekočin v podkožje, ki je kljub številnim prednostim in enostavni aplikaciji v slovenskem prostoru razmeroma slabo poznana. Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti hipodermoklizo in ugotoviti poznavanje ter uporabo v socialnovarstvenih zavodih ljubljanske regije. Od skupno naprošenih 20 zavodov za sodelovanje v raziskavi, je na sodelovanje s pisnim soglasjem pristalo 12 socialnovarstvenih zavodov ljubljanske regije. Večina ostalih zavodov hipodermoklize ne uporablja ali je ne pozna. razdeljenih je bilo 150 anketnih vprašalnikov zaposlenim v zdravstveni negi različnih stopenj izobrazbe. Pravilno izpolnjenih vrnjenih vprašalnikov je bilo 124. Od teh jih je 117 navedlo, da poznajo hipodermoklizo, kot obliko hidracije, 110 anketirancev je odgovorilo, da v njihovem zavodu uporabljajo hipodrmoklizo. Najpogostejši odgovor o času uporabe je bil eno do dve leti, takoj za njim pa odgovor tri do štiri leta. Na vprašanje ali ste se v praksi že srečali z neželenimi učinki hipodermoklize je pritrdilno odgovorilo 48 anketiranih, najpogostejši pa je bil odgovor lokalni edemi, sledilo je lokalno vnetje ob igli in bolečina na mestu vstavitve. Raziskava kaže, da medicinske sestre razmeroma dobro poznajo hipodermoklizo in tudi njena uporaba v socialnovarstvenih zavodih postaja vse bolj uporabna, saj je poseg neinvaziven in za večino starostnikov manj stresen. One of the most important life activities according to Virginia Henderson is eating and drinking. The latter certainly has the most important life role, immediately after breathing. Without food humans can survive for quite some time, if they are provided with water for proper hydration. Providing adequate fluid balance is one of the nursing activities for the elderly residents in social welfare institutions, who for whatever reason can not provide this on their own. Were appropriate amount of fluid intake orally is not satisfactory, either due to problems with swallowing or rejection of fluids for a variety of reasons it is necessary to find some other option. One of these is hypodermoclisis - application of fluids under the hypodermoclisis, which is, despite many advantages and simple application, relatively unknown in Slovenia. The purpose of this study is to present hypodermoclisis and to establish its familiarity and application in social welfare institutions of the Ljubljana region. From a total of 20 social welfare institutions in the Ljubljana region asked to participate in the research, 12 of them consented in written form. Most of the remaining institutions do not use or do not know hypodermoclisis. 150 questionnaires were distributed to employees in the health care system, which have various degrees of education. 124 questionnaires returned were correctly filled out. Of these, 117 stated that they know hypodermoclisis as a form of hydration, 110 respondents answered that their institution uses hypodermoclisis. The most common response about how long has hypodermoclisis been in use at their institution was one to two years, followed immediately by three to four years. On the question, if they have ever met with unwanted side effects of hypodermoclisis, 48 answered affirmatively, the most frequent response was local edema, followed by local inflammation and pain at the needle insertion spot. Research shows that nurses know hypodermoclisis relatively well and that its usage in social welfare institutions is becoming more popular, since the procedure is noninvasive and less stressful for elderly people.