POMEN BRANJA IN SPODBUJANJE BRALNE MOTIVACIJE - Brezigar, Mojca (M. Brezigar, 2011)
V diplomskem delu obravnavamo branje, ki predstavlja pot do informacij in znanja, poleg tega pa je pomembno za osebnostno rast in boljše razumevanje sebe in sveta okoli nas. Diplomsko delo je sestavljeno iz dveh delov. V prvem, teoretičnem delu opredelimo branje in bralno pismenost ter predstavimo bralni razvoj in pomen branja za mladega bralca. Nato predstavimo dejavnike bralne učinkovitosti, izmed katerih izpostavimo motivacijo za branje, jo opredelimo in opišemo načine za spodbujanje bralne motivacije v domačem bralnem okolju, predšolskih vzgojnovarstvenih ustanovah, šolah, knjižnicah in knjigarnah. Predstavimo tudi bralno značko, slovensko gibanje za spodbujanje branja. Ne nazadnje se ustavimo še pri vplivu, ki ga imajo na branje otrok vrstniki in mediji. Teoretični del smo podprli z empiričnim delom, v okviru katerega smo izvedli raziskavo na dveh osnovnih šolah, in sicer med učenci 6. in 9. razredov. Zanimali so nas njihovi bralni interesi, bralne navade, poznavanje pomena branja, bralna motivacija ter kako jih k branju spodbujajo starši in učitelji. Ugotavljali smo tudi, koliko učencev bere za bralno značko in kako pogosto obiskujejo šolsko knjižnico. Rezultati so pokazali, da večina učencev rada bere, a bralni interes in pogostost branja s starostjo upada, da dekleta raje berejo kot fantje, da učno boljši učenci raje berejo kot učno slabši in da pri učencih višjih razredov upada zanimanje za leposlovje. Večina učencev se zaveda pomena branja za širjenje besednega zaklada in učno uspešnost, manj pa je takih, ki se zavedajo ostalih pozitivnih učinkov branja. Učenci nižjih razredov so večinoma notranje motivirani za branje, učenci višjih razredov pa zunanje. Starši otroke spodbujajo k branju, prav tako tudi učitelji, ki poudarjajo pomen branja in v razredu skoraj vsako umetnostno besedilo berejo na glas. Večina učencev bere za bralno značko, pri kateri jim je najbolj všeč, da si lahko sami izbirajo knjige za branje. Učenci, kateri radi berejo, pogosteje obiščejo šolsko knjižnico, ki jo obiščejo večinoma zato, ker imajo tam na izbiro dovolj raznolikega bralnega gradiva. The thesis discusses reading, which represents a way to information and knowledge and it is also important for personal growth and a better understanding of ourselves and the world around us. The thesis consists of two parts. The first, theoretical part defines reading and reading literacy, presents the reading development and the meaning of reading for a young reader. Then we present factors of reading efficiency, from which we stress out reading motivation, define it and describe the way to encourage reading motivation in the domestic reading environment, preschool education-care establishments, schools, libraries and bookstores. We also present the Reading Badge, the Slovenian movement to encourage reading. Finally, we also discuss how the media and peers influence the reading of children. The theoretical part is being supported by the empirical part, where we conducted a research in two primary schools between pupils of the 6th and 9th grade. We were interested in their reading interests, reading habits, knowing the importance of reading, reading motivation and how they are being encouraged to read from their parents and teachers. We also researched, how many pupils read books within the Reading Badge project and how often do they visit the school library. The results showed that the majority of pupils like reading, but the interest and quantity of reading decrease with the age, that girls prefer to read more than boys, that pupils with a better learn success prefer to read more than those with a less good success and that the interest for fiction decreases in pupils in higher grades. Most of the pupils are aware of the importance of reading for broadening the vocabulary and the school success, but there are only a few of them, who are aware of other positive impacts of reading. Pupils of lower grades are mostly internally motivated for reading and those of the higher grades externally. Parents encourage their children to read, also the teachers, which stress out the importance of reading and read aloud almost every artistic text. Most of the pupils read for the Reading Badge, where they mostly love the fact, that they can choose the books to read by themselves. Pupils, who like reading, more often visit the school library, which they visit because it offers a lot of different reading material.