RAZLIKE V GIBALNI DEJAVNOSTI OTROK, STARIH OD 5 DO 11 LET - Aleš, Brigita (B. Aleš, 2010)
V diplomskem delu smo s pomočjo raziskave ugotavljali razlike v količini gibalne dejavnosti med otroki, starimi od pet do enajst let, ter razlike v gibalni dejavnosti med mestnimi, predmestnimi in podeželskimi otroki. Raziskava je bila opravljena na vzorcu 715 otrok, starih od 5 do 11 let, ki obiskujejo različne šole v severovzhodni Slovenije. Za ugotavljanje gibalne dejavnosti smo uporabili posebej pripravljen anketni vprašalnik, s katerim smo dobili podatke o količini gibalne dejavnosti otrok, o različnih oblikah gibalne dejavnosti otrok ter podatke o njihovem bivalnem okolju. Za ugotavljanje razlik v količini gibalne dejavnosti glede na starost in bivalno okolje smo uporabili analizo variance (ANOVA), pri čemer smo ugotavljali statistično značilnost razlik na ravni tveganja p ≤ 0,05. Rezultate smo natančneje opredelili s Post-hoc preizkusom po metodi Scheffe. Rezultati kažejo, da obstajajo statistično značilne razlike med mlajšimi in starejšimi otroki v skupnem času, ki ga namenjajo gibalni dejavnosti ter v organizirani in neorganizirani obliki gibalne dejavnosti. Na vseh področjih so gibalno bolj dejavni starejši otroci, predvsem enajstletniki, ki so zmerno do visoko gibalno dejavni vsaj 60 minut na dan. Statistično pomembne razlike v gibalni dejavnosti obstajajo tudi med mestnimi, predmestnimi in podeželskimi otroki. Mestni devetletni otroci so od svojih predmestnih in podeželskih vrstnikov bolj gibalno dejavni v neorganiziranih dejavnostih, medtem ko so mestni desetletni in enajstletni otroci gibalno bolj dejavni v organiziranih dejavnostih. Rezultati so pokazali, da so starejši otroci bolj samostojni, lažje se angažirajo in sami odidejo na različne dejavnosti, medtem ko so mlajši odvisni od spremstva in posledično prostega časa svojih staršev. The basic purpose of the research was to determine differences in the amount of physical activity among children aged from 5 to 11 years, and differences in physical activity among urban, suburban and rural dwelling children. The research was carried out on a sample of 715 children aged from 5 to 11 in north-eastern Slovenia. Physical activity was studied using a specially prepared questionnaire which provided data on the quantity of children's physical activity, on the varied forms of children's physical activity and data on their residential environment. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for differences in the quantity of physical activity by age and later by residential environment, which indicated that the statistical significance level was p≤0.05. The results were defined in greater detail using the Scheffe post-hoc test. Results indicate that statistically significant differences exist between the total time that younger and older children dedicate to physical activity, and between organised and spontaneous forms of physical activity. Older children were more active in all areas, particularly 11-year-olds, who were moderately to highly physically active at least 60 minutes a day. Statistically significant differences in physical activity also exist between urban, suburban and rural dwelling children. Urban 9-year-old children are more physically active in spontaneous activity than their suburban and rural peers, while urban 10 and 11-year-olds are more physically active in organised physical activity. Results showed that older children were more independent, and also find it easier to engage in and attend various activities themselves, while younger children are more dependent on being accompanied by their parents and hence on their parents’ free time.