AZTEKI

• Main Author: Furman, Vanja
• Other Authors: Marolt, Janez
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: V. Furman 2010
• Subjects: AZTEKI; SREDNJA AMERIKA; TENOCHTITLAN; ŽRTVOVANJA; RELIGIJA; KULTURA.; AZTECS; CENTRAL AMERICA; SACRIFICES; RELIGION; CULTURE.; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/93/94(043.2); Indian; Oceana; Pacific; Whit; sami
• Online Access: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=13505; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=13707&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/17619464?lang=sl

V diplomskem delu je predstavljena azteška civilizacija, ki se je razvila v osrednji Mehiki v 14. in 15. stoletju. V začetku 14. stoletja se je v osrednjem delu današnje Mehike naselilo indijansko ljudstvo, ki ga poznamo pod imenom Azteki. Iz majhne skupine naseljencev, se je kasneje z vojnimi osvajanji izoblikovalo veliko kraljestvo, ki se je raztezalo od obale Mehiškega zaliva na vzhodu do Tihega oceana na zahodu, na jug pa vse do polotoka Jukatan . Ko so španski konkvistadorji leta 1519 odkrili Azteško kraljestvo, so bili začudeni nad veličastnimi mesti, neverjetnim bogastvom, z zlatom obdanimi palačami in kompleksno družbeno ureditvijo. Najbolj pa so bili presenečeni nad okrutnostjo religije in grozodejstvi, ki so bila s tem povezana. Njihovi verski obredi in žrtvovanja ljudi, nenehne vojne in osvajanja, so jim služili kot izgovor in povod za uničenje ene od najveličastnejših kultur srednje Amerike. Nedvomno pa te velike kulture Azteki niso ustvarili sami, ampak so nasledili dosežke, ki so bili plod dela narodov pred njimi, še posebej Toltekov. Za Azteke so bili Tolteki njihovi magični predniki in zato so jih tudi častili temu primerno. Tako je Azteška mitologija, religija in kultura poizkus rekonstrukcije slave njihovih prednikov. This thesis discusses Aztecs people, the Indian civilization, settled in the area of the central Mexico in the 14th and 15th century. Originally a small settlement rapidly developed into an enormous kingdom, extended from the coast of Mexico Gulf on the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and the Yucatan peninsula in the south. The Aztecs kingdom was discovered in 1519 by the Spanish conquistadors, who were impressed and astonished by the magnificent cities, extreme wealth, golden palaces and by the complex structure of the Aztecs society. But what surprised them most was the immense cruelty of religious ceremonies and all the atrocities closely connected whit it. Those religious ceremonies, human sacrifices as well as constant wars were the main excuse for the Conquistadors to destroy one of the most magnificent cultures of the Central America. The Aztecs however inherited their culture, and continued the achievements of their ancestors, primarily Toltecs. Toltecs people were considered to be their magical ancestors and were therefore specially honoured. The mythology, religion and culture of the Aztecs are in fact an attempt to reconstruct their ancestors’ glory.