Air-sea CO2 cycling in the southeastern Beaufort Sea
During the fourth International Polar Year, an interdisciplinary study was conducted to examine the couplings between sea ice, ocean, atmosphere, and ecosystem in the southeastern Beaufort Sea. This thesis examines components of the system that control the air–sea exchange of carbon dioxide. Using e...
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Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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American Geophysical Union
2012
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8905 |
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ftunivmanitoba:oai:mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca:1993/8905 2023-06-18T03:35:53+02:00 Air-sea CO2 cycling in the southeastern Beaufort Sea Else, Brent Papakyriakou, Tim (Environment and Geography) Barber, David (Environment and Geography) Amiro, Brian (Soil Science) Borges, Alberto (University of Liege) 2012 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8905 eng eng American Geophysical Union Else, B. G. T., T. N. Papakyriakou, R. J. Galley, W. M. Drennan, L. A. Miller, and H. Thomas (2011), Wintertime CO2 fluxes in an Arctic polynya using eddy covariance: Evidence for enhanced air-sea gas transfer during ice formation, J. Geophys. Res., 116, C00G03, doi:10.1029/2010JC006760. Else, B. G. T., T. N. Papakyriakou, R. J. Galley, A. Mucci, M. Gosselin, L. A. Miller, E. H. Shadwick, and H. Thomas (2012), Annual cycles of pCO2sw in the southeastern Beaufort Sea: New understandings of air-sea CO2 exchange in arctic polynya regions, J. Geophys. Res., 117, C00G13, doi:10.1029/2011JC007346. Else, B. G. T., R. J. Galley, T. Papakyriakou, L. A. Miller, A. Mucci, and D. G. Barber (2012), Sea Surface pCO2 Cycles and CO2 Fluxes at Landfast Sea Ice Edges in Amundsen Gulf, Canada, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2012JC007901, in press. Else, B.G.T., Papakyriakou, T.N., Galley, R.J., Miller, L.A., Mucci, A., Asplin, M.G. and D. Barber. An annual air–sea CO2 flux budget for the Cape Bathurst polynya region. Global Biogeochem. Cy., in review http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8905 open access Air-sea gas transfer Carbon Dioxide Sea Ice Polynya Arctic doctoral thesis 2012 ftunivmanitoba https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JC00676010.1029/2011JC00734610.1029/2012JC007901 2023-06-04T17:36:02Z During the fourth International Polar Year, an interdisciplinary study was conducted to examine the couplings between sea ice, ocean, atmosphere, and ecosystem in the southeastern Beaufort Sea. This thesis examines components of the system that control the air–sea exchange of carbon dioxide. Using eddy covariance measurements, we found enhanced CO2 exchange associated with new ice formation in winter flaw leads. This exchange was typically directed towards the surface, although we also measured one instance of outgassing. Sea surface dissolved CO2 measurements (pCO2sw) in Amundsen Gulf showed significant undersaturation with respect to the atmosphere at freeze–up, followed by a slow increase over the winter until spring phytoplankton blooms caused strong undersaturation at break–up. Over the summer, pCO2sw increased until becoming slightly supersaturated due to surface warming. Along the southern margins of Amundsen Gulf and on the Mackenzie Shelf we found pCO2sw supersaturations in the fall due to wind–driven coastal upwelling. In the spring, this upwelling occurred along the landfast ice edges of Amundsen Gulf. By combining observations of enhanced winter gas exchange with observations of pCO2sw in Amundsen Gulf, we derived an annual budget of air–sea CO2 exchange for the region. This exercise showed that uptake through the winter season was as important as the open water season, making the overall annual uptake of CO2 about double what had previously been calculated. Prior to this work, the prevailing paradigm of air–sea CO2 cycling in Arctic polynya regions posited that strong CO2 absorption occurs in the open water seasons, and that a potential outgassing during the winter is inhibited by the sea ice cover. As a new paradigm, we propose that the spatial and temporal variability of many processes – including phytoplankton blooms, sea surface temperature and salinity changes, upwelling, river input, continental shelf processes, and the potential for high rates of winter gas exchange – need to be considered in ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Amundsen Gulf Arctic Arctic Beaufort Sea International Polar Year Mackenzie Shelf Phytoplankton Sea ice MSpace at the University of Manitoba Arctic Journal of Geophysical Research 116 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MSpace at the University of Manitoba |
op_collection_id |
ftunivmanitoba |
language |
English |
topic |
Air-sea gas transfer Carbon Dioxide Sea Ice Polynya Arctic |
spellingShingle |
Air-sea gas transfer Carbon Dioxide Sea Ice Polynya Arctic Else, Brent Air-sea CO2 cycling in the southeastern Beaufort Sea |
topic_facet |
Air-sea gas transfer Carbon Dioxide Sea Ice Polynya Arctic |
description |
During the fourth International Polar Year, an interdisciplinary study was conducted to examine the couplings between sea ice, ocean, atmosphere, and ecosystem in the southeastern Beaufort Sea. This thesis examines components of the system that control the air–sea exchange of carbon dioxide. Using eddy covariance measurements, we found enhanced CO2 exchange associated with new ice formation in winter flaw leads. This exchange was typically directed towards the surface, although we also measured one instance of outgassing. Sea surface dissolved CO2 measurements (pCO2sw) in Amundsen Gulf showed significant undersaturation with respect to the atmosphere at freeze–up, followed by a slow increase over the winter until spring phytoplankton blooms caused strong undersaturation at break–up. Over the summer, pCO2sw increased until becoming slightly supersaturated due to surface warming. Along the southern margins of Amundsen Gulf and on the Mackenzie Shelf we found pCO2sw supersaturations in the fall due to wind–driven coastal upwelling. In the spring, this upwelling occurred along the landfast ice edges of Amundsen Gulf. By combining observations of enhanced winter gas exchange with observations of pCO2sw in Amundsen Gulf, we derived an annual budget of air–sea CO2 exchange for the region. This exercise showed that uptake through the winter season was as important as the open water season, making the overall annual uptake of CO2 about double what had previously been calculated. Prior to this work, the prevailing paradigm of air–sea CO2 cycling in Arctic polynya regions posited that strong CO2 absorption occurs in the open water seasons, and that a potential outgassing during the winter is inhibited by the sea ice cover. As a new paradigm, we propose that the spatial and temporal variability of many processes – including phytoplankton blooms, sea surface temperature and salinity changes, upwelling, river input, continental shelf processes, and the potential for high rates of winter gas exchange – need to be considered in ... |
author2 |
Papakyriakou, Tim (Environment and Geography) Barber, David (Environment and Geography) Amiro, Brian (Soil Science) Borges, Alberto (University of Liege) |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Else, Brent |
author_facet |
Else, Brent |
author_sort |
Else, Brent |
title |
Air-sea CO2 cycling in the southeastern Beaufort Sea |
title_short |
Air-sea CO2 cycling in the southeastern Beaufort Sea |
title_full |
Air-sea CO2 cycling in the southeastern Beaufort Sea |
title_fullStr |
Air-sea CO2 cycling in the southeastern Beaufort Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Air-sea CO2 cycling in the southeastern Beaufort Sea |
title_sort |
air-sea co2 cycling in the southeastern beaufort sea |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8905 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Amundsen Gulf Arctic Arctic Beaufort Sea International Polar Year Mackenzie Shelf Phytoplankton Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Amundsen Gulf Arctic Arctic Beaufort Sea International Polar Year Mackenzie Shelf Phytoplankton Sea ice |
op_relation |
Else, B. G. T., T. N. Papakyriakou, R. J. Galley, W. M. Drennan, L. A. Miller, and H. Thomas (2011), Wintertime CO2 fluxes in an Arctic polynya using eddy covariance: Evidence for enhanced air-sea gas transfer during ice formation, J. Geophys. Res., 116, C00G03, doi:10.1029/2010JC006760. Else, B. G. T., T. N. Papakyriakou, R. J. Galley, A. Mucci, M. Gosselin, L. A. Miller, E. H. Shadwick, and H. Thomas (2012), Annual cycles of pCO2sw in the southeastern Beaufort Sea: New understandings of air-sea CO2 exchange in arctic polynya regions, J. Geophys. Res., 117, C00G13, doi:10.1029/2011JC007346. Else, B. G. T., R. J. Galley, T. Papakyriakou, L. A. Miller, A. Mucci, and D. G. Barber (2012), Sea Surface pCO2 Cycles and CO2 Fluxes at Landfast Sea Ice Edges in Amundsen Gulf, Canada, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2012JC007901, in press. Else, B.G.T., Papakyriakou, T.N., Galley, R.J., Miller, L.A., Mucci, A., Asplin, M.G. and D. Barber. An annual air–sea CO2 flux budget for the Cape Bathurst polynya region. Global Biogeochem. Cy., in review http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8905 |
op_rights |
open access |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JC00676010.1029/2011JC00734610.1029/2012JC007901 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research |
container_volume |
116 |
_version_ |
1769010893559955456 |