Gas content and transport in cold first year sea ice
Abstract Past and recent literature have highlighted that sea ice might play a crucial role in controlling and contributing to the exchange of significant climatically active biogases between the ocean and the atmosphere in polar areas. However, the formation of air inclusions and the transport of g...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
---|---|
Main Author: | |
Other Authors: | , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans RESEARCH
2016
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32346 |
id |
ftunivmanitoba:oai:mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca:1993/32346 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivmanitoba:oai:mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca:1993/32346 2023-06-18T03:40:59+02:00 Gas content and transport in cold first year sea ice Crabeck, Odile Rysgaard, Søren (Geological Sciences) Galley, Ryan (Geological Sciences) Papakyriakou, Tim (Environment and Geography) Ehn, Jens (Environment and Geography) Wang, Feiyue (Environment and Geography) Notz, Dirk (The Ocean in Earth System, Max Planck Institut für Meteorologie) 2016 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32346 eng eng Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans RESEARCH Biogeosciences Cryosphere Crabeck, O., Delille, B., Rysgaard, S., Thomas, D. N., Geilfus, N. -X., Else, B., and Tison, J.-L.: First “in situ” determination of gas transport coefficients ( DO2, DAr, and DN2) from bulk gas concentration measurements (O2, N2, Ar) in natural sea ice, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119, 6655-6668, doi:10.1002/2014JC009849, 2014a. Crabeck, O., Delille, B., Thomas, D., Geilfus, N. -X., Rysgaard, S., and Tison, J.-L.: CO2 and CH4 in sea ice from a subarctic fjord under influence of riverine input, Biogeosciences, 11, 6525-6538, doi:10.5194/bg-11-6525-2014, 2014b. Crabeck, O., Galley, R., Delille, B., Else, B., Geilfus, N.-X., Lemes, M., Des Roches, M., Francus, P., Tison, J.-L., and Rysgaard, S.: Imaging air volume fraction in sea ice using non-destructive X-ray tomography, The Cryosphere, 10, 1125-1145, doi:10.5194/tc-10-1125-2016, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32346 open access Sea ice gas bubbles porosity microstructure gas exchange doctoral thesis 2016 ftunivmanitoba https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC00984910.5194/bg-11-6525-201410.5194/tc-10-1125-2016 2023-06-04T17:38:33Z Abstract Past and recent literature have highlighted that sea ice might play a crucial role in controlling and contributing to the exchange of significant climatically active biogases between the ocean and the atmosphere in polar areas. However, the formation of air inclusions and the transport of gases within sea ice cover are still poorly understood. Thanks to development of a new fast and non-destructive X-ray computed tomography (CT) technique to quantify the air volume fraction and the characterization of gas concentration profiles (Ar, O2, N2, CH4 and pCO2) in natural (Kapisillit fjord, Greenland) and artificial (Sea Ice Research Facility, Winnipeg, Canada) cold sea ice, we revealed some key properteies of gas content and transport in sea ice. We concluded that gases are incorporated in dissolved phase in the brine during ice growth. Nucleation further happened in the brine inclusions at rate depending of the gas saturation factor and the brine volume. Nucleation exerts a strong control on gas content and transport because at any given time when bubbles form in the brine, they are segregated from the transport pathway of dissolved salts and dissolved gas. Due to their low density, bubbles will not drain out of the ice by convection. Instead, nucleation leads to the forced buoyant upward transport and an accumulation of gas in sea ice. In addition, we show that the gas content of air bubbles can be exchanged with the brine medium and diffuse within the brine network at a comparable rate (10-5 cm2 s-1) than aqueous diffusivities. In addition, CT-X-ray results showed that air volume fraction was <2% in most of the internal layers and systematically > 5% at the ice-atmosphere interface (top 2 cm). The evidence of air volume fraction over 5% in granular top layers with the presence of macro bubbles introduces new challenges for the interpretation of sea ice atmosphere gas exchange. Substantiation of air porosity in columnar internal layers and granular top layers questions the current sea ice mathematical ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Greenland Kapisillit Sea ice The Cryosphere MSpace at the University of Manitoba Canada Greenland Kapisillit ENVELOPE(-50.271,-50.271,64.435,64.435) Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 119 10 6655 6668 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MSpace at the University of Manitoba |
op_collection_id |
ftunivmanitoba |
language |
English |
topic |
Sea ice gas bubbles porosity microstructure gas exchange |
spellingShingle |
Sea ice gas bubbles porosity microstructure gas exchange Crabeck, Odile Gas content and transport in cold first year sea ice |
topic_facet |
Sea ice gas bubbles porosity microstructure gas exchange |
description |
Abstract Past and recent literature have highlighted that sea ice might play a crucial role in controlling and contributing to the exchange of significant climatically active biogases between the ocean and the atmosphere in polar areas. However, the formation of air inclusions and the transport of gases within sea ice cover are still poorly understood. Thanks to development of a new fast and non-destructive X-ray computed tomography (CT) technique to quantify the air volume fraction and the characterization of gas concentration profiles (Ar, O2, N2, CH4 and pCO2) in natural (Kapisillit fjord, Greenland) and artificial (Sea Ice Research Facility, Winnipeg, Canada) cold sea ice, we revealed some key properteies of gas content and transport in sea ice. We concluded that gases are incorporated in dissolved phase in the brine during ice growth. Nucleation further happened in the brine inclusions at rate depending of the gas saturation factor and the brine volume. Nucleation exerts a strong control on gas content and transport because at any given time when bubbles form in the brine, they are segregated from the transport pathway of dissolved salts and dissolved gas. Due to their low density, bubbles will not drain out of the ice by convection. Instead, nucleation leads to the forced buoyant upward transport and an accumulation of gas in sea ice. In addition, we show that the gas content of air bubbles can be exchanged with the brine medium and diffuse within the brine network at a comparable rate (10-5 cm2 s-1) than aqueous diffusivities. In addition, CT-X-ray results showed that air volume fraction was <2% in most of the internal layers and systematically > 5% at the ice-atmosphere interface (top 2 cm). The evidence of air volume fraction over 5% in granular top layers with the presence of macro bubbles introduces new challenges for the interpretation of sea ice atmosphere gas exchange. Substantiation of air porosity in columnar internal layers and granular top layers questions the current sea ice mathematical ... |
author2 |
Rysgaard, Søren (Geological Sciences) Galley, Ryan (Geological Sciences) Papakyriakou, Tim (Environment and Geography) Ehn, Jens (Environment and Geography) Wang, Feiyue (Environment and Geography) Notz, Dirk (The Ocean in Earth System, Max Planck Institut für Meteorologie) |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Crabeck, Odile |
author_facet |
Crabeck, Odile |
author_sort |
Crabeck, Odile |
title |
Gas content and transport in cold first year sea ice |
title_short |
Gas content and transport in cold first year sea ice |
title_full |
Gas content and transport in cold first year sea ice |
title_fullStr |
Gas content and transport in cold first year sea ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gas content and transport in cold first year sea ice |
title_sort |
gas content and transport in cold first year sea ice |
publisher |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans RESEARCH |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32346 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-50.271,-50.271,64.435,64.435) |
geographic |
Canada Greenland Kapisillit |
geographic_facet |
Canada Greenland Kapisillit |
genre |
Greenland Kapisillit Sea ice The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Greenland Kapisillit Sea ice The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
Crabeck, O., Delille, B., Rysgaard, S., Thomas, D. N., Geilfus, N. -X., Else, B., and Tison, J.-L.: First “in situ” determination of gas transport coefficients ( DO2, DAr, and DN2) from bulk gas concentration measurements (O2, N2, Ar) in natural sea ice, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119, 6655-6668, doi:10.1002/2014JC009849, 2014a. Crabeck, O., Delille, B., Thomas, D., Geilfus, N. -X., Rysgaard, S., and Tison, J.-L.: CO2 and CH4 in sea ice from a subarctic fjord under influence of riverine input, Biogeosciences, 11, 6525-6538, doi:10.5194/bg-11-6525-2014, 2014b. Crabeck, O., Galley, R., Delille, B., Else, B., Geilfus, N.-X., Lemes, M., Des Roches, M., Francus, P., Tison, J.-L., and Rysgaard, S.: Imaging air volume fraction in sea ice using non-destructive X-ray tomography, The Cryosphere, 10, 1125-1145, doi:10.5194/tc-10-1125-2016, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32346 |
op_rights |
open access |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC00984910.5194/bg-11-6525-201410.5194/tc-10-1125-2016 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
119 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
6655 |
op_container_end_page |
6668 |
_version_ |
1769006357436956672 |