Polynya formation in Hudson Bay during the winter period

• Main Author: Gunn, Geoffrey
• Other Authors: Barber, David (Environment and Geography), Ehn, Jens (Environment and Geography) McCullough, Greg (Clayton H. Riddell Faculty of Environment, Earth, and Resources) Larouche, Pierre (Fisheries and Oceans Canada)
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: geography; sea ice; atmosphere; gis; Hudson; Hudson Bay; ice pack; Sea ice
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30188

Previous understanding of the winter ice regime in Hudson Bay was limited. This investigation demonstrates the existence of a large coastal polynya in northwestern Hudson Bay. Measuring approximately 600 km long by 60 km wide, this polynya is typically opened and maintained by surface winds for periods of one to five days. Closing mechanisms result from decline in wind maintenance and apparent thermodynamic ice formation. Open water is present on the northwest coast at some size for up to 70% of the winter between ice formation and breakup. Observation of this open water during the period of the winter ice pack indicates that the ‘ice factory’, modelled previously, in northwest Hudson Bay exists. This furthers understanding of the freshwater budgets, stratification, and atmosphere-ocean interactions while presenting new questions about climate change and the future of the Hudson Bay physical system. February 2015