Towards an understanding of the physical and biological controls on the cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice

Little is known about the factors driving the cycle of the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) and of its precursor the metabolite dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in sea ice. To date, studies have focused on biotic factors, linking high DMSP concentrations to the high biomass of sympagic comm...

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Published in:Journal of Glaciology
Main Author: Carnat, Gauthier
Other Authors: Papakyriakou, Timothy (Environment and Geography), Feiyue, Wang (Environment and Geography)Tenuta, Mario (Soil Science)Ackley, Stephen (Geological Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio)
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:English
Published: International Glaciological Society 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23732
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spelling ftunivmanitoba:oai:mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca:1993/23732 2023-06-18T03:35:53+02:00 Towards an understanding of the physical and biological controls on the cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice Carnat, Gauthier Papakyriakou, Timothy (Environment and Geography) Feiyue, Wang (Environment and Geography)Tenuta, Mario (Soil Science)Ackley, Stephen (Geological Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio) 2014-05-01 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23732 eng eng International Glaciological Society John Wiley & Sons Carnat, G., T. Papakyriakou, N.-X. Geilfus, F. Brabant, B. Delille, M. Vancoppenolle, G. Gilson, J. Zhou, and J.-L. Tison (2013), Investigations on physical and textural properties of Arctic first-year sea ice in the Amundsen Gulf, Canada, November 2007-June 2008 (IPY-CFL system study), J. Glaciol., 59, 217, doi:10.3189/2013JoG12J148 Carnat, G., J. Zhou, T. Papakyriakou, B. Delille, T. Goossens, T. Haskell, V. Schoemann, F. Fripiat, J.-M. Rintala, and J.-L. Tison (2014), Physical and biological controls on DMS,P dynamics in ice-shelf influenced fast ice during a winter-spring and a spring-summer transitions, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 119, doi:10.1002/2013JC009381 http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23732 open access Dimethylsulfide Sea ice Sulfur Arctic Antarctic doctoral thesis 2014 ftunivmanitoba https://doi.org/10.3189/2013JoG12J14810.1002/2013JC009381 2023-06-04T17:39:19Z Little is known about the factors driving the cycle of the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) and of its precursor the metabolite dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in sea ice. To date, studies have focused on biotic factors, linking high DMSP concentrations to the high biomass of sympagic communities, and to physiological adaptations to the low temperatures and high salinities of the brine habitat. This thesis presents an approach integrating biotic and abiotic factors, investigating the influence of ice growth processes and brine dynamics on the DMS cycle. First, brine dynamics from growth to melt are explored based on ice temperature and salinity profiles measured in the Arctic. A strong but brief desalination phase is identified in spring. Using calculated proxies of permeability (brine volume fraction) and of the intensity of brine convection (Rayleigh number), this phase is shown to correspond to full-depth gravity drainage initiated by restored connectivity of brines on warming. Full-depth gravity drainage is crucial for the vertical transfer of DMS-compounds at the ice-ocean interface. This physical background is then used to investigate the spatio-temporal variability of DMS in Arctic sea ice during a year-round survey in Amundsen Gulf. The influence of processes such as scavenging and brine convection on the DMS cycle is shown, and the first combined measurement of DMS, DMSP, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), a compound acting as source/sink for DMS through photo-chemical and bacterial processes, is presented. DMSO is shown to dominate the dimethylated sulfur pool in surface ice when the snow cover is low. Based on correlations with irradiance, it is suggested that this DMSO originates from photo-chemical oxidation of DMS trapped in impermeable ice. Finally, the spatio-temporal variability of DMS in Antarctic sea ice is investigated during another year-round survey in McMurdo Sound. Platelet crystals growth under the influence of ice-shelf waters are shown to favor the incorporation of strong DMSP ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Amundsen Gulf Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Arctic Ice Shelf McMurdo Sound Sea ice MSpace at the University of Manitoba Antarctic Arctic McMurdo Sound Journal of Glaciology 59 217 819 837
institution Open Polar
collection MSpace at the University of Manitoba
op_collection_id ftunivmanitoba
language English
topic Dimethylsulfide
Sea ice
Sulfur
Arctic
Antarctic
spellingShingle Dimethylsulfide
Sea ice
Sulfur
Arctic
Antarctic
Carnat, Gauthier
Towards an understanding of the physical and biological controls on the cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice
topic_facet Dimethylsulfide
Sea ice
Sulfur
Arctic
Antarctic
description Little is known about the factors driving the cycle of the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) and of its precursor the metabolite dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in sea ice. To date, studies have focused on biotic factors, linking high DMSP concentrations to the high biomass of sympagic communities, and to physiological adaptations to the low temperatures and high salinities of the brine habitat. This thesis presents an approach integrating biotic and abiotic factors, investigating the influence of ice growth processes and brine dynamics on the DMS cycle. First, brine dynamics from growth to melt are explored based on ice temperature and salinity profiles measured in the Arctic. A strong but brief desalination phase is identified in spring. Using calculated proxies of permeability (brine volume fraction) and of the intensity of brine convection (Rayleigh number), this phase is shown to correspond to full-depth gravity drainage initiated by restored connectivity of brines on warming. Full-depth gravity drainage is crucial for the vertical transfer of DMS-compounds at the ice-ocean interface. This physical background is then used to investigate the spatio-temporal variability of DMS in Arctic sea ice during a year-round survey in Amundsen Gulf. The influence of processes such as scavenging and brine convection on the DMS cycle is shown, and the first combined measurement of DMS, DMSP, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), a compound acting as source/sink for DMS through photo-chemical and bacterial processes, is presented. DMSO is shown to dominate the dimethylated sulfur pool in surface ice when the snow cover is low. Based on correlations with irradiance, it is suggested that this DMSO originates from photo-chemical oxidation of DMS trapped in impermeable ice. Finally, the spatio-temporal variability of DMS in Antarctic sea ice is investigated during another year-round survey in McMurdo Sound. Platelet crystals growth under the influence of ice-shelf waters are shown to favor the incorporation of strong DMSP ...
author2 Papakyriakou, Timothy (Environment and Geography)
Feiyue, Wang (Environment and Geography)Tenuta, Mario (Soil Science)Ackley, Stephen (Geological Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio)
format Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
author Carnat, Gauthier
author_facet Carnat, Gauthier
author_sort Carnat, Gauthier
title Towards an understanding of the physical and biological controls on the cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice
title_short Towards an understanding of the physical and biological controls on the cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice
title_full Towards an understanding of the physical and biological controls on the cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice
title_fullStr Towards an understanding of the physical and biological controls on the cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice
title_full_unstemmed Towards an understanding of the physical and biological controls on the cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice
title_sort towards an understanding of the physical and biological controls on the cycling of dimethylsulfide (dms) in arctic and antarctic sea ice
publisher International Glaciological Society
publishDate 2014
url http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23732
geographic Antarctic
Arctic
McMurdo Sound
geographic_facet Antarctic
Arctic
McMurdo Sound
genre Amundsen Gulf
Antarc*
Antarctic
Arctic
Arctic
Ice Shelf
McMurdo Sound
Sea ice
genre_facet Amundsen Gulf
Antarc*
Antarctic
Arctic
Arctic
Ice Shelf
McMurdo Sound
Sea ice
op_relation Carnat, G., T. Papakyriakou, N.-X. Geilfus, F. Brabant, B. Delille, M. Vancoppenolle, G. Gilson, J. Zhou, and J.-L. Tison (2013), Investigations on physical and textural properties of Arctic first-year sea ice in the Amundsen Gulf, Canada, November 2007-June 2008 (IPY-CFL system study), J. Glaciol., 59, 217, doi:10.3189/2013JoG12J148
Carnat, G., J. Zhou, T. Papakyriakou, B. Delille, T. Goossens, T. Haskell, V. Schoemann, F. Fripiat, J.-M. Rintala, and J.-L. Tison (2014), Physical and biological controls on DMS,P dynamics in ice-shelf influenced fast ice during a winter-spring and a spring-summer transitions, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 119, doi:10.1002/2013JC009381
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23732
op_rights open access
op_doi https://doi.org/10.3189/2013JoG12J14810.1002/2013JC009381
container_title Journal of Glaciology
container_volume 59
container_issue 217
container_start_page 819
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