Microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of Arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer
Airborne in situ cloud measurements were carried out over the northern Fram Strait between Greenland and Svalbard in spring 2019 and summer 2020. In total, 811 min of low-level cloud observations were performed during 20 research flights above the sea ice and the open Arctic ocean with the Polar 5 r...
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Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
2023
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Online Access: | https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/9262 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12030/9262 https://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-9245 |
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ftunivmainzpubl:oai:openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de:20.500.12030/9262 2023-07-30T03:55:50+02:00 Microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of Arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer Moser, Manuel Voigt, Christiane Jurkat-Witschas, Tina Hahn, Valerian Mioche, Guillaume Jourdan, Olivier Dupuy, Régis Gourbeyre, Christophe Schwarzenboeck, Alfons Lucke, Johannes Boose, Yvonne Mech, Mario Borrmann, Stephan Ehrlich, André Herber, Andreas Lüpkes, Christof Wendisch, Manfred 2023 https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/9262 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12030/9262 https://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-9245 eng eng Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-9245 https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/9262 1680-7324 CC BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ openAccess Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 23.2023. -. 2023. 7257. 7280. acp-23-7257-2023 ddc:530 ddc:540 ddc:550 Zeitschriftenaufsatz publishedVersion Text doc-type:article 2023 ftunivmainzpubl https://doi.org/20.500.12030/926210.25358/openscience-9245 2023-07-09T22:39:35Z Airborne in situ cloud measurements were carried out over the northern Fram Strait between Greenland and Svalbard in spring 2019 and summer 2020. In total, 811 min of low-level cloud observations were performed during 20 research flights above the sea ice and the open Arctic ocean with the Polar 5 research aircraft of the Alfred Wegener Institute. Here, we combine the comprehensive in situ cloud data to investigate the distributions of particle number concentration N, effective diameter Deff, and cloud water content CWC (liquid and ice) of Arctic clouds below 500 m altitude, measured at latitudes between 76 and 83◦ N. We developed a method to quantitatively derive the occurrence probability of their thermodynamic phase from the combination of microphysical cloud probe and Polar Nephelometer data. Finally, we assess changes in cloud microphysics and cloud phase related to ambient meteorological conditions in spring and summer and address effects of the sea ice and open-ocean surface conditions. We find median N from 0.2 to 51.7 cm−3 and about 2 orders of magnitude higher N for mainly liquid clouds in summer compared to ice and mixed-phase clouds measured in spring. A southerly flow from the sea ice in cold air outbreaks dominates cloud formation processes at temperatures mostly below −10 ◦C in spring, while northerly warm air intrusions favor the formation of liquid clouds at warmer temperatures in summer. Our results show slightly higher N in clouds over the sea ice compared to the open ocean, indicating enhanced cloud formation processes over the sea ice. The median CWC is higher in summer (0.16 gm−3 ) than in spring (0.06 gm−3 ), as this is dominated by the available atmospheric water content and the temperatures at cloud formation level. We find large differences in the particle sizes in spring and summer and an impact of the surface conditions, which modifies the heat and moisture fluxes in the boundary layer. By combining microphysical cloud data with thermodynamic phase information from the Polar ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Alfred Wegener Institute Arctic Arctic Ocean Fram Strait Greenland Sea ice Svalbard Gutenberg Open Science (Open-Science-Repository of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz) Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Svalbard |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Gutenberg Open Science (Open-Science-Repository of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivmainzpubl |
language |
English |
topic |
ddc:530 ddc:540 ddc:550 |
spellingShingle |
ddc:530 ddc:540 ddc:550 Moser, Manuel Voigt, Christiane Jurkat-Witschas, Tina Hahn, Valerian Mioche, Guillaume Jourdan, Olivier Dupuy, Régis Gourbeyre, Christophe Schwarzenboeck, Alfons Lucke, Johannes Boose, Yvonne Mech, Mario Borrmann, Stephan Ehrlich, André Herber, Andreas Lüpkes, Christof Wendisch, Manfred Microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of Arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer |
topic_facet |
ddc:530 ddc:540 ddc:550 |
description |
Airborne in situ cloud measurements were carried out over the northern Fram Strait between Greenland and Svalbard in spring 2019 and summer 2020. In total, 811 min of low-level cloud observations were performed during 20 research flights above the sea ice and the open Arctic ocean with the Polar 5 research aircraft of the Alfred Wegener Institute. Here, we combine the comprehensive in situ cloud data to investigate the distributions of particle number concentration N, effective diameter Deff, and cloud water content CWC (liquid and ice) of Arctic clouds below 500 m altitude, measured at latitudes between 76 and 83◦ N. We developed a method to quantitatively derive the occurrence probability of their thermodynamic phase from the combination of microphysical cloud probe and Polar Nephelometer data. Finally, we assess changes in cloud microphysics and cloud phase related to ambient meteorological conditions in spring and summer and address effects of the sea ice and open-ocean surface conditions. We find median N from 0.2 to 51.7 cm−3 and about 2 orders of magnitude higher N for mainly liquid clouds in summer compared to ice and mixed-phase clouds measured in spring. A southerly flow from the sea ice in cold air outbreaks dominates cloud formation processes at temperatures mostly below −10 ◦C in spring, while northerly warm air intrusions favor the formation of liquid clouds at warmer temperatures in summer. Our results show slightly higher N in clouds over the sea ice compared to the open ocean, indicating enhanced cloud formation processes over the sea ice. The median CWC is higher in summer (0.16 gm−3 ) than in spring (0.06 gm−3 ), as this is dominated by the available atmospheric water content and the temperatures at cloud formation level. We find large differences in the particle sizes in spring and summer and an impact of the surface conditions, which modifies the heat and moisture fluxes in the boundary layer. By combining microphysical cloud data with thermodynamic phase information from the Polar ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Moser, Manuel Voigt, Christiane Jurkat-Witschas, Tina Hahn, Valerian Mioche, Guillaume Jourdan, Olivier Dupuy, Régis Gourbeyre, Christophe Schwarzenboeck, Alfons Lucke, Johannes Boose, Yvonne Mech, Mario Borrmann, Stephan Ehrlich, André Herber, Andreas Lüpkes, Christof Wendisch, Manfred |
author_facet |
Moser, Manuel Voigt, Christiane Jurkat-Witschas, Tina Hahn, Valerian Mioche, Guillaume Jourdan, Olivier Dupuy, Régis Gourbeyre, Christophe Schwarzenboeck, Alfons Lucke, Johannes Boose, Yvonne Mech, Mario Borrmann, Stephan Ehrlich, André Herber, Andreas Lüpkes, Christof Wendisch, Manfred |
author_sort |
Moser, Manuel |
title |
Microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of Arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer |
title_short |
Microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of Arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer |
title_full |
Microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of Arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer |
title_fullStr |
Microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of Arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of Arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer |
title_sort |
microphysical and thermodynamic phase analyses of arctic low-level clouds measured above the sea ice and the open ocean in spring and summer |
publisher |
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/9262 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12030/9262 https://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-9245 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Svalbard |
genre |
Alfred Wegener Institute Arctic Arctic Ocean Fram Strait Greenland Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Alfred Wegener Institute Arctic Arctic Ocean Fram Strait Greenland Sea ice Svalbard |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 23.2023. -. 2023. 7257. 7280. acp-23-7257-2023 |
op_relation |
http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-9245 https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/9262 1680-7324 |
op_rights |
CC BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.12030/926210.25358/openscience-9245 |
_version_ |
1772809896267350016 |