Shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers : influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment
pH gradient-driven modular micro-swimmers are investigated as a model for a large variety of quasi-two-dimensional chemi-phoretic self-propelled entities. Using three-channel micro-photometry, we obtain a precise large field mapping of pH at a spatial resolution of a few microns and a pH resolution...
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Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
2021
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ftunivmainzpubl:oai:openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de:20.500.12030/7299 2023-05-15T15:52:31+02:00 Shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers : influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment Möller, Nadir Liebchen, Benno Palberg, Thomas 2021 https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/7299 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12030/7299 https://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-7285 eng eng Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-7285 https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/7299 1292-895X CC BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ openAccess CC-BY The European physical journal : E, Soft matter. 44. -. 2021. -. -. 41 ddc:530 Zeitschriftenaufsatz publishedVersion Text doc-type:article 2021 ftunivmainzpubl https://doi.org/20.500.12030/7299 https://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-7285 2022-09-15T11:48:20Z pH gradient-driven modular micro-swimmers are investigated as a model for a large variety of quasi-two-dimensional chemi-phoretic self-propelled entities. Using three-channel micro-photometry, we obtain a precise large field mapping of pH at a spatial resolution of a few microns and a pH resolution of ∼0.02 pH units for swimmers of different velocities propelling on two differently charged substrates. We model our results in terms of solutions of the three-dimensional advection–diffusion equation for a 1:1 electrolyte, i.e. carbonic acid, which is produced by ion exchange and consumed by equilibration with dissolved CO2. We demonstrate the dependence of gradient shape and steepness on swimmer speed, diffusivity of chemicals, as well as the fuel budget. Moreover, we experimentally observe a subtle, but significant feedback of the swimmer’s immediate environment in terms of a substrate charge-mediated solvent convection. We discuss our findings in view of different recent results from other micro-fluidic or active matter investigations. We anticipate that they are relevant for quantitative modelling and targeted applications of diffusio-phoretic flows in general and artificial micro-swimmers in particular. Article in Journal/Newspaper Carbonic acid Gutenberg Open Science (Open-Science-Repository of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz) |
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Gutenberg Open Science (Open-Science-Repository of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz) |
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ftunivmainzpubl |
language |
English |
topic |
ddc:530 |
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ddc:530 Möller, Nadir Liebchen, Benno Palberg, Thomas Shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers : influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment |
topic_facet |
ddc:530 |
description |
pH gradient-driven modular micro-swimmers are investigated as a model for a large variety of quasi-two-dimensional chemi-phoretic self-propelled entities. Using three-channel micro-photometry, we obtain a precise large field mapping of pH at a spatial resolution of a few microns and a pH resolution of ∼0.02 pH units for swimmers of different velocities propelling on two differently charged substrates. We model our results in terms of solutions of the three-dimensional advection–diffusion equation for a 1:1 electrolyte, i.e. carbonic acid, which is produced by ion exchange and consumed by equilibration with dissolved CO2. We demonstrate the dependence of gradient shape and steepness on swimmer speed, diffusivity of chemicals, as well as the fuel budget. Moreover, we experimentally observe a subtle, but significant feedback of the swimmer’s immediate environment in terms of a substrate charge-mediated solvent convection. We discuss our findings in view of different recent results from other micro-fluidic or active matter investigations. We anticipate that they are relevant for quantitative modelling and targeted applications of diffusio-phoretic flows in general and artificial micro-swimmers in particular. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Möller, Nadir Liebchen, Benno Palberg, Thomas |
author_facet |
Möller, Nadir Liebchen, Benno Palberg, Thomas |
author_sort |
Möller, Nadir |
title |
Shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers : influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment |
title_short |
Shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers : influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment |
title_full |
Shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers : influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment |
title_fullStr |
Shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers : influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers : influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment |
title_sort |
shaping the gradients driving phoretic micro-swimmers : influence of swimming speed, budget of carbonic acid and environment |
publisher |
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/7299 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12030/7299 https://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-7285 |
genre |
Carbonic acid |
genre_facet |
Carbonic acid |
op_source |
The European physical journal : E, Soft matter. 44. -. 2021. -. -. 41 |
op_relation |
http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-7285 https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/7299 1292-895X |
op_rights |
CC BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.12030/7299 https://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-7285 |
_version_ |
1766387670235217920 |