Characterisation of volcanic emissions through thermal vision
In April 2010, the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) threw volcanic ash across northwest Europe for six days which led to air travel disruption. This recent crisis spotlighted the necessity to parameterise plume dynamics through emission, dispersion and fall out as to better model, track and fo...
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ftunivlyon:oai:HAL:tel-01276660v1 2024-09-15T18:05:24+00:00 Characterisation of volcanic emissions through thermal vision Caractérisation des émissions volcaniques par la vision thermique Bombrun, Maxime Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II Vincent Barra Andrew Harris 2015-10-01 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660/file/BOMBRUN_2015CLF22600.pdf en eng HAL CCSD NNT: 2015CLF22600 tel-01276660 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660/file/BOMBRUN_2015CLF22600.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660 Earth Sciences. Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2015. English. ⟨NNT : 2015CLF22600⟩ Thermal imagery Remote sensing Strombolian eruptions Particles Plumes Lava fountaining Ash-rich thermals Detection Tracking Imagerie thermique Télédétection Eruptions stromboliennes Suivi Particules Panaches Fontaines de lave Thermiques riche en cendres [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2015 ftunivlyon 2024-07-08T23:59:57Z In April 2010, the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) threw volcanic ash across northwest Europe for six days which led to air travel disruption. This recent crisis spotlighted the necessity to parameterise plume dynamics through emission, dispersion and fall out as to better model, track and forecast cloud motions. This eruption was labeled as a Strombolian-to-Sub-Plinian eruption type. Strombolian eruptions are coupled with a large range of volcanic event types (Lava flows, paroxysms) and eruption styles (Hawaiian, Sub-plinian) and offer a partial precursory-indicator of more dangerous eruptions. In addition, strombolian eruptions are small enough to allow observations from within few hundred meters with relative safety, for both operators and material. Since 2001, thermal cameras have been increasingly used to track, parameterise and understand dynamic volcanic events. However, analyses, modelling and post-processing of thermal data are still not fully automated. In this thesis, I focus on the different components of strombolian eruptions at the full range of remote sensing spatial scales. These range from millimeters for particles to kilometers for the entire features via satellite images. Overall, I aim to characterise volcanic emissions through thermal vision. En avril 2010, l’éruption de l’Eyjafjallajökull (Islande) a projeté des cendres sur toute l’Europe pendant six jours, causant d’importantes perturbations aériennes. Cette crise a soulevé la nécessité de mieux comprendre la dynamique des panaches lors de l’émission, de la dispersion, et de la retombée afin d’améliorer les modèles de suivis et de prédiction de ces phénomènes. Cette éruption a été classée comme Strombolienne. Ce type d’éruption offre un large panel de manifestations (coulée de lave, paroxysmes) et peut être utilisé comme indicateur d’éruptions plus dangereuses. Les éruptions stromboliennes permettent généralement une observation à quelques centaines de mètres tout en assurant la sécurité des opérateurs et du matériel. Depuis 2001, ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Eyjafjallajökull Iceland Islande Université de Lyon: HAL |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Lyon: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftunivlyon |
language |
English |
topic |
Thermal imagery Remote sensing Strombolian eruptions Particles Plumes Lava fountaining Ash-rich thermals Detection Tracking Imagerie thermique Télédétection Eruptions stromboliennes Suivi Particules Panaches Fontaines de lave Thermiques riche en cendres [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Thermal imagery Remote sensing Strombolian eruptions Particles Plumes Lava fountaining Ash-rich thermals Detection Tracking Imagerie thermique Télédétection Eruptions stromboliennes Suivi Particules Panaches Fontaines de lave Thermiques riche en cendres [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Bombrun, Maxime Characterisation of volcanic emissions through thermal vision |
topic_facet |
Thermal imagery Remote sensing Strombolian eruptions Particles Plumes Lava fountaining Ash-rich thermals Detection Tracking Imagerie thermique Télédétection Eruptions stromboliennes Suivi Particules Panaches Fontaines de lave Thermiques riche en cendres [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
description |
In April 2010, the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) threw volcanic ash across northwest Europe for six days which led to air travel disruption. This recent crisis spotlighted the necessity to parameterise plume dynamics through emission, dispersion and fall out as to better model, track and forecast cloud motions. This eruption was labeled as a Strombolian-to-Sub-Plinian eruption type. Strombolian eruptions are coupled with a large range of volcanic event types (Lava flows, paroxysms) and eruption styles (Hawaiian, Sub-plinian) and offer a partial precursory-indicator of more dangerous eruptions. In addition, strombolian eruptions are small enough to allow observations from within few hundred meters with relative safety, for both operators and material. Since 2001, thermal cameras have been increasingly used to track, parameterise and understand dynamic volcanic events. However, analyses, modelling and post-processing of thermal data are still not fully automated. In this thesis, I focus on the different components of strombolian eruptions at the full range of remote sensing spatial scales. These range from millimeters for particles to kilometers for the entire features via satellite images. Overall, I aim to characterise volcanic emissions through thermal vision. En avril 2010, l’éruption de l’Eyjafjallajökull (Islande) a projeté des cendres sur toute l’Europe pendant six jours, causant d’importantes perturbations aériennes. Cette crise a soulevé la nécessité de mieux comprendre la dynamique des panaches lors de l’émission, de la dispersion, et de la retombée afin d’améliorer les modèles de suivis et de prédiction de ces phénomènes. Cette éruption a été classée comme Strombolienne. Ce type d’éruption offre un large panel de manifestations (coulée de lave, paroxysmes) et peut être utilisé comme indicateur d’éruptions plus dangereuses. Les éruptions stromboliennes permettent généralement une observation à quelques centaines de mètres tout en assurant la sécurité des opérateurs et du matériel. Depuis 2001, ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II Vincent Barra Andrew Harris |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Bombrun, Maxime |
author_facet |
Bombrun, Maxime |
author_sort |
Bombrun, Maxime |
title |
Characterisation of volcanic emissions through thermal vision |
title_short |
Characterisation of volcanic emissions through thermal vision |
title_full |
Characterisation of volcanic emissions through thermal vision |
title_fullStr |
Characterisation of volcanic emissions through thermal vision |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterisation of volcanic emissions through thermal vision |
title_sort |
characterisation of volcanic emissions through thermal vision |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660/file/BOMBRUN_2015CLF22600.pdf |
genre |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland Islande |
genre_facet |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland Islande |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660 Earth Sciences. Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2015. English. ⟨NNT : 2015CLF22600⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2015CLF22600 tel-01276660 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276660/file/BOMBRUN_2015CLF22600.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1810442955673042944 |