Genome size and plastid trnK-matK markers give new insights into the evolutionary history of the genus Lavandula L.

• Published in: Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology
• Main Authors: Moja, S., Guitton, Y., Nicolè, F., Legendre, Laurent, Pasquier, B., Upson, T., Jullien, F.
• Other Authors: Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales (BVPAM), Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conservatoire National des Plantes à Parfum, Médicinales et Aromatiques (CNPMAI), Cambridge University Botanic Garden, Region Rhone-Alpes (France);Conseil General de l'Essonne
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2016
• Subjects: phylogeny; polyploidy; biogeography; C-value; trnK-matK; plastid marker; plasmid; marker; génome; plasmide; marqueur; phylogénie; lavandula; biogeographie; polyploïdie; [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics; North Atlantic
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-01601919; https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2015.1014006

The genus Lavandula L. consists of 39 species distributed from the North Atlantic Islands, across the Mediterranean Basin to India. We analysed 36 taxa of the genus Lavandula representing two of the three subgenera and six of the eight sections according to the most recent classification (Upson & Andrews 2004). We achieved a phylogenetic reconstruction from partial sequences from plastid trnK and matK genes; the genome size was estimated by flow cytometer measurements. The primary aim was to track phylogenetic patterns through the maternal inherited marker at the sectional level and identify possible genome duplications. The cpDNA tree shows the phylogenetic relationships between subgenus, sections and also elucidates for the first time the relationships between the endemic species of Macaronesia, Morocco and Arabia. The ancestral split between the two subgenera could be explained by dispersal followed by an early vicariance event. The C-value shows genome up-sizing within several phylogenetic clades and geographical areas. An ancestral genome-up sizing is characterized at the node of section Dentatae and Lavandula. The cpDNA tree suggests that the taxa L. angustifolia subsp. pyrenaica (DC.) Guinea and L. stoechas subsp. luiseiri are best treated as a distinct species.