A model to interpret driftwood transport in the Arctic

• Published in: Quaternary Science Reviews
• Main Authors: Dalaiden, Quentin, Goosse, Hugues, Lecomte, Olivier, Docquier, David
• Other Authors: UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Pergamon 2018
• Subjects: Arctic ocean; Driftwood; Holocene; Proxy system models; Reconstruction; Sea ice; Climate models; Image reconstruction; Surface waters; Wood; Atmospheric circulation; Holocenes; Model simulation; Sea ice concentration; System models; Transport modeling; Climate change; Arctic; Arctic Ocean
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/199015; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.004

Driftwood is frequently used to estimate past changes of sea ice extent and circulation in the Arctic. Nevertheless, driftwood observations are difficult to interpret because of the potentially complex relation with climate change. In order to determine the origin of the observed changes, we built a driftwood transport model (DTM) simulating the driftwood trajectories from the boreal forest to Arctic coasts. The model is driven by three main variables, which are the sea ice velocity, concentration and the sea surface current velocity that can be derived from observations or climate model outputs (e.g. from a General Climate Model – GCM). Overall, the DTM model agrees with the observations, although this comparison needs to be taken with caution because of the sparse data and the uncertainties of driftwood provenance. Through simulations performed with the DTM model, we confirm the strong influence of the variability of the atmospheric circulation on the spatial driftwood distribution. Model simulations of the Mid-Holocene period driven by six GCMs show that small local changes in sea ice circulation – a westward shift in the Transpolar Drift and a reduced Beaufort Gyre during the Mid-Holocene compared to the present period – suffice to explain the driftwood landing change during the Mid-Holocene, with a non-negligible contribution from reduced sea ice concentration. Consequently, a change in driftwood deposit should not be directly interpreted as large modifications in atmospheric circulation and the complexity of the response of driftwood trajectories to past climate changes clearly highlights the interest of using a model to interpret driftwood records. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd