Mercury species export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean
The Fram Strait is the only deep connection between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. The main water and mercury (Hg) fluxes between these oceans occur via the Fram Strait and Barents Sea Opening. Several Hg mass balance studies indicated a net Hg export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean. However,...
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2021
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/70621 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103855 |
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ftunivlleida:oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/70621 2023-05-15T14:29:02+02:00 Mercury species export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean Petrova, Mariia V. Krisch, Stephan Lodeiro, Pablo Valk, Ole Dufour, Aurelie Rijkenberg, Micha J.A. Achterberg, Eric P. Rabe, Benjamin Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel Hamelin, Bruno Sonke, Jeroen E. Garnier, Cédric Heimbürger-Boavida, Lars-Eric 2021-02-25T08:41:51Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/70621 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103855 eng eng Elsevier Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103855 Marine Chemistry, 2020, vol. 225, p. 103855 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/258537 0304-4203 http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/70621 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103855 cc-by-nc-nd (c) Elsevier, 2020 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY-NC-ND Fram Strait Methylmercury Mercury budget Arctic Ocean GEOTRACES info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion 2021 ftunivlleida https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103855 2023-02-08T00:09:39Z The Fram Strait is the only deep connection between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. The main water and mercury (Hg) fluxes between these oceans occur via the Fram Strait and Barents Sea Opening. Several Hg mass balance studies indicated a net Hg export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean. However, in the absence of Hg measurements in the Fram Strait and Barents Sea Opening, these estimates were based on North Atlantic and central Arctic Ocean data alone. Here, we refine the Arctic total Hg (tHg) and methylated Hg (MeHg) mass budgets using new data acquired during the 2015 GEOTRACES (section GN04) TransArcII cruise in the Barents Sea Opening and the 2016 GEOTRACES (section GN05) GRIFF cruise, which covered the Fram Strait and Northeast Greenland Shelf. Total Hg increased westward along the Fram Strait transect, reaching the highest concentrations on the Northeast Greenland Shelf. Concentrations of tHg averaged 1.29 ± 0.43 pM in the East Greenland Current, while core waters of the West Spitsbergen Current had average values of 0.80 ± 0.26 pM. Using our new data, we estimate that 43 ± 9 Mg y−1 of tHg is transported to the Arctic Ocean in the core of the West Spitsbergen Current, while 54 ± 13 Mg y−1 of tHg is exported from the Arctic Ocean in the East Greenland Current and Recirculated Atlantic Water. This results in a net tHg export of 11 ± 8 Mg y−1via the Fram Strait. We find a shallow MeHg maximum (at 150 m depth) in the East Greenland Current, in agreement to what was reported for the central Arctic Ocean and Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The West Spitsbergen Current is characterized by lower MeHg concentrations and a deeper MeHg maximum, that is located at approximately 1000 m depth. We estimate a net MeHg export of 6 ± 2 Mg y−1 from the Arctic Ocean via the Fram Strait, which is nearly half of the exported tHg. Most of the exported MeHg is in the form of DMHg (2:1 ratio of dimethylmercury to monomethylmercury). Previous studies reported lower MeHg proportions. Our observations show that the Arctic Ocean is ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Archipelago Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Canadian Arctic Archipelago East Greenland east greenland current Fram Strait Greenland North Atlantic Spitsbergen Universitat de Lleida: Repositori Obert UdL Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Canadian Arctic Archipelago Greenland Marine Chemistry 225 103855 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Universitat de Lleida: Repositori Obert UdL |
op_collection_id |
ftunivlleida |
language |
English |
topic |
Fram Strait Methylmercury Mercury budget Arctic Ocean GEOTRACES |
spellingShingle |
Fram Strait Methylmercury Mercury budget Arctic Ocean GEOTRACES Petrova, Mariia V. Krisch, Stephan Lodeiro, Pablo Valk, Ole Dufour, Aurelie Rijkenberg, Micha J.A. Achterberg, Eric P. Rabe, Benjamin Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel Hamelin, Bruno Sonke, Jeroen E. Garnier, Cédric Heimbürger-Boavida, Lars-Eric Mercury species export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean |
topic_facet |
Fram Strait Methylmercury Mercury budget Arctic Ocean GEOTRACES |
description |
The Fram Strait is the only deep connection between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. The main water and mercury (Hg) fluxes between these oceans occur via the Fram Strait and Barents Sea Opening. Several Hg mass balance studies indicated a net Hg export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean. However, in the absence of Hg measurements in the Fram Strait and Barents Sea Opening, these estimates were based on North Atlantic and central Arctic Ocean data alone. Here, we refine the Arctic total Hg (tHg) and methylated Hg (MeHg) mass budgets using new data acquired during the 2015 GEOTRACES (section GN04) TransArcII cruise in the Barents Sea Opening and the 2016 GEOTRACES (section GN05) GRIFF cruise, which covered the Fram Strait and Northeast Greenland Shelf. Total Hg increased westward along the Fram Strait transect, reaching the highest concentrations on the Northeast Greenland Shelf. Concentrations of tHg averaged 1.29 ± 0.43 pM in the East Greenland Current, while core waters of the West Spitsbergen Current had average values of 0.80 ± 0.26 pM. Using our new data, we estimate that 43 ± 9 Mg y−1 of tHg is transported to the Arctic Ocean in the core of the West Spitsbergen Current, while 54 ± 13 Mg y−1 of tHg is exported from the Arctic Ocean in the East Greenland Current and Recirculated Atlantic Water. This results in a net tHg export of 11 ± 8 Mg y−1via the Fram Strait. We find a shallow MeHg maximum (at 150 m depth) in the East Greenland Current, in agreement to what was reported for the central Arctic Ocean and Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The West Spitsbergen Current is characterized by lower MeHg concentrations and a deeper MeHg maximum, that is located at approximately 1000 m depth. We estimate a net MeHg export of 6 ± 2 Mg y−1 from the Arctic Ocean via the Fram Strait, which is nearly half of the exported tHg. Most of the exported MeHg is in the form of DMHg (2:1 ratio of dimethylmercury to monomethylmercury). Previous studies reported lower MeHg proportions. Our observations show that the Arctic Ocean is ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Petrova, Mariia V. Krisch, Stephan Lodeiro, Pablo Valk, Ole Dufour, Aurelie Rijkenberg, Micha J.A. Achterberg, Eric P. Rabe, Benjamin Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel Hamelin, Bruno Sonke, Jeroen E. Garnier, Cédric Heimbürger-Boavida, Lars-Eric |
author_facet |
Petrova, Mariia V. Krisch, Stephan Lodeiro, Pablo Valk, Ole Dufour, Aurelie Rijkenberg, Micha J.A. Achterberg, Eric P. Rabe, Benjamin Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel Hamelin, Bruno Sonke, Jeroen E. Garnier, Cédric Heimbürger-Boavida, Lars-Eric |
author_sort |
Petrova, Mariia V. |
title |
Mercury species export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean |
title_short |
Mercury species export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean |
title_full |
Mercury species export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Mercury species export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mercury species export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean |
title_sort |
mercury species export from the arctic to the atlantic ocean |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/70621 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103855 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Canadian Arctic Archipelago Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Canadian Arctic Archipelago Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Canadian Arctic Archipelago East Greenland east greenland current Fram Strait Greenland North Atlantic Spitsbergen |
genre_facet |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Canadian Arctic Archipelago East Greenland east greenland current Fram Strait Greenland North Atlantic Spitsbergen |
op_relation |
Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103855 Marine Chemistry, 2020, vol. 225, p. 103855 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/258537 0304-4203 http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/70621 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103855 |
op_rights |
cc-by-nc-nd (c) Elsevier, 2020 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103855 |
container_title |
Marine Chemistry |
container_volume |
225 |
container_start_page |
103855 |
_version_ |
1766303135814385664 |