Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C
<jats:p>Abstract. In order to better understand ice deformation mechanisms, we document the microstructural evolution of ice with increasing strain. We include data from experiments at relatively low temperatures (−20 and −30 ∘C), where the microstructural evolution with axial strain has never...
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ftunivliverpool:oai:livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk:3108743 2023-05-15T18:32:34+02:00 Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C Fan, Sheng Hager, Travis F Prior, David J Cross, Andrew J Goldsby, David L Qi, Chao Negrini, Marianne Wheeler, John 2020 http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3108743/ https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3875-2020 en eng Copernicus GmbH Fan, Sheng, Hager, Travis F, Prior, David J, Cross, Andrew J, Goldsby, David L, Qi, Chao, Negrini, Marianne and Wheeler, John orcid:0000-0002-7576-4465 (2020) Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C. The Cryosphere, 14 (11). pp. 3875-3905. Article NonPeerReviewed 2020 ftunivliverpool https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3875-2020 2023-01-19T23:59:32Z <jats:p>Abstract. In order to better understand ice deformation mechanisms, we document the microstructural evolution of ice with increasing strain. We include data from experiments at relatively low temperatures (−20 and −30 ∘C), where the microstructural evolution with axial strain has never before been documented. Polycrystalline pure water ice was deformed under a constant displacement rate (strain rate ∼1.0×10-5 s−1) to progressively higher strains (∼ 3 %, 5 %, 8 %, 12 % and 20 %) at temperatures of −10, −20 and −30 ∘C. Microstructural data were generated from cryogenic electron backscattered diffraction (cryo-EBSD) analyses. All deformed samples contain subgrain (low-angle misorientations) structures with misorientation axes that lie dominantly in the basal plane, suggesting the activity of dislocation creep (glide primarily on the basal plane), recovery and subgrain rotation. Grain boundaries are lobate in all experiments, suggesting the operation of strain-induced grain boundary migration (GBM). Deformed ice samples are characterized by interlocking big and small grains and are, on average, finer grained than undeformed samples. Misorientation analyses between nearby grains in 2-D EBSD maps are consistent with some 2-D grains being different limbs of the same irregular grain in the 3-D volume. The proportion of repeated (i.e. interconnected) grains is greater in the higher-temperature experiments suggesting that grains have more irregular shapes, probably because GBM is more widespread at higher temperatures. The number of grains per unit area (accounting for multiple occurrences of the same 3-D grain) is higher in deformed samples than undeformed samples, and it increases with strain, suggesting that nucleation is involved in recrystallization. “Core-and-mantle” structures (rings of small grains surrounding big grains) occur in −20 and −30 ∘C experiments, suggesting that subgrain rotation recrystallization is active. At temperatures warmer than −20 ∘C, c axes develop a crystallographic preferred ... Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere The University of Liverpool Repository The Cryosphere 14 11 3875 3905 |
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Open Polar |
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The University of Liverpool Repository |
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ftunivliverpool |
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English |
description |
<jats:p>Abstract. In order to better understand ice deformation mechanisms, we document the microstructural evolution of ice with increasing strain. We include data from experiments at relatively low temperatures (−20 and −30 ∘C), where the microstructural evolution with axial strain has never before been documented. Polycrystalline pure water ice was deformed under a constant displacement rate (strain rate ∼1.0×10-5 s−1) to progressively higher strains (∼ 3 %, 5 %, 8 %, 12 % and 20 %) at temperatures of −10, −20 and −30 ∘C. Microstructural data were generated from cryogenic electron backscattered diffraction (cryo-EBSD) analyses. All deformed samples contain subgrain (low-angle misorientations) structures with misorientation axes that lie dominantly in the basal plane, suggesting the activity of dislocation creep (glide primarily on the basal plane), recovery and subgrain rotation. Grain boundaries are lobate in all experiments, suggesting the operation of strain-induced grain boundary migration (GBM). Deformed ice samples are characterized by interlocking big and small grains and are, on average, finer grained than undeformed samples. Misorientation analyses between nearby grains in 2-D EBSD maps are consistent with some 2-D grains being different limbs of the same irregular grain in the 3-D volume. The proportion of repeated (i.e. interconnected) grains is greater in the higher-temperature experiments suggesting that grains have more irregular shapes, probably because GBM is more widespread at higher temperatures. The number of grains per unit area (accounting for multiple occurrences of the same 3-D grain) is higher in deformed samples than undeformed samples, and it increases with strain, suggesting that nucleation is involved in recrystallization. “Core-and-mantle” structures (rings of small grains surrounding big grains) occur in −20 and −30 ∘C experiments, suggesting that subgrain rotation recrystallization is active. At temperatures warmer than −20 ∘C, c axes develop a crystallographic preferred ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fan, Sheng Hager, Travis F Prior, David J Cross, Andrew J Goldsby, David L Qi, Chao Negrini, Marianne Wheeler, John |
spellingShingle |
Fan, Sheng Hager, Travis F Prior, David J Cross, Andrew J Goldsby, David L Qi, Chao Negrini, Marianne Wheeler, John Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C |
author_facet |
Fan, Sheng Hager, Travis F Prior, David J Cross, Andrew J Goldsby, David L Qi, Chao Negrini, Marianne Wheeler, John |
author_sort |
Fan, Sheng |
title |
Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C |
title_short |
Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C |
title_full |
Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C |
title_fullStr |
Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C |
title_full_unstemmed |
Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C |
title_sort |
temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °c |
publisher |
Copernicus GmbH |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3108743/ https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3875-2020 |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
Fan, Sheng, Hager, Travis F, Prior, David J, Cross, Andrew J, Goldsby, David L, Qi, Chao, Negrini, Marianne and Wheeler, John orcid:0000-0002-7576-4465 (2020) Temperature and strain controls on ice deformation mechanisms: insights from the microstructures of samples deformed to progressively higher strains at −10, −20 and −30 °C. The Cryosphere, 14 (11). pp. 3875-3905. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3875-2020 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
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14 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
3875 |
op_container_end_page |
3905 |
_version_ |
1766216777697591296 |