Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The response of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) to wind stress forcing is investigated from an observational standpoint, using four time series of overturning transports below and relative to 1000 m, overlapping...
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American Meteorological Society
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Online Access: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/ https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0664.1 https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/1/Elipot_et_al_JClim_2017_accepted2016.pdf https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/2/2017-Elipot_et_al_JClim_MOC_Basin_Scale_wind.pdf |
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ftunivliverpool:oai:livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk:3005780 2024-09-15T18:21:10+00:00 Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing Elipot, Shane Frajka-Williams, Eleanor Hughes, Chris W Olhede, Sofia Lankhorst, Matthias 2017 text https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/ https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0664.1 https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/1/Elipot_et_al_JClim_2017_accepted2016.pdf https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/2/2017-Elipot_et_al_JClim_MOC_Basin_Scale_wind.pdf en eng American Meteorological Society https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/1/Elipot_et_al_JClim_2017_accepted2016.pdf https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/2/2017-Elipot_et_al_JClim_MOC_Basin_Scale_wind.pdf Elipot, Shane, Frajka-Williams, Eleanor, Hughes, Chris W, Olhede, Sofia and Lankhorst, Matthias (2017) Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 30 (6). pp. 2029-2054. Article NonPeerReviewed 2017 ftunivliverpool https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0664.1 2024-07-08T14:17:39Z <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The response of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) to wind stress forcing is investigated from an observational standpoint, using four time series of overturning transports below and relative to 1000 m, overlapping by 3.6 yr. These time series are derived from four mooring arrays located on the western boundary of the North Atlantic: the RAPID Western Atlantic Variability Experiment (WAVE) array (42.5°N), the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Line W array (39°N), RAPID–MOC/MOCHA (26.5°N), and the Meridional Overturning Variability Experiment (MOVE) array (16°N). Using modal decompositions of the analytic cross-correlation between transports and wind stress, the basin-scale wind stress is shown to significantly drive the MOC coherently at four latitudes, on the time scales available for this study. The dominant mode of covariance is interpreted as rapid barotropic oceanic adjustments to wind stress forcing, eventually forming two counterrotating Ekman overturning cells centered on the tropics and subtropical gyre. A second mode of covariance appears related to patterns of wind stress and wind stress curl associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation, spinning anomalous horizontal circulations that likely interact with topography to form overturning cells.</jats:p> Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation The University of Liverpool Repository Journal of Climate 30 6 2029 2054 |
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The University of Liverpool Repository |
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ftunivliverpool |
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English |
description |
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The response of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) to wind stress forcing is investigated from an observational standpoint, using four time series of overturning transports below and relative to 1000 m, overlapping by 3.6 yr. These time series are derived from four mooring arrays located on the western boundary of the North Atlantic: the RAPID Western Atlantic Variability Experiment (WAVE) array (42.5°N), the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Line W array (39°N), RAPID–MOC/MOCHA (26.5°N), and the Meridional Overturning Variability Experiment (MOVE) array (16°N). Using modal decompositions of the analytic cross-correlation between transports and wind stress, the basin-scale wind stress is shown to significantly drive the MOC coherently at four latitudes, on the time scales available for this study. The dominant mode of covariance is interpreted as rapid barotropic oceanic adjustments to wind stress forcing, eventually forming two counterrotating Ekman overturning cells centered on the tropics and subtropical gyre. A second mode of covariance appears related to patterns of wind stress and wind stress curl associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation, spinning anomalous horizontal circulations that likely interact with topography to form overturning cells.</jats:p> |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Elipot, Shane Frajka-Williams, Eleanor Hughes, Chris W Olhede, Sofia Lankhorst, Matthias |
spellingShingle |
Elipot, Shane Frajka-Williams, Eleanor Hughes, Chris W Olhede, Sofia Lankhorst, Matthias Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing |
author_facet |
Elipot, Shane Frajka-Williams, Eleanor Hughes, Chris W Olhede, Sofia Lankhorst, Matthias |
author_sort |
Elipot, Shane |
title |
Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing |
title_short |
Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing |
title_full |
Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing |
title_fullStr |
Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing |
title_sort |
observed basin-scale response of the north atlantic meridional overturning circulation to wind stress forcing |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/ https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0664.1 https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/1/Elipot_et_al_JClim_2017_accepted2016.pdf https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/2/2017-Elipot_et_al_JClim_MOC_Basin_Scale_wind.pdf |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/1/Elipot_et_al_JClim_2017_accepted2016.pdf https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3005780/2/2017-Elipot_et_al_JClim_MOC_Basin_Scale_wind.pdf Elipot, Shane, Frajka-Williams, Eleanor, Hughes, Chris W, Olhede, Sofia and Lankhorst, Matthias (2017) Observed Basin-Scale Response of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Wind Stress Forcing. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 30 (6). pp. 2029-2054. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0664.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
30 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
2029 |
op_container_end_page |
2054 |
_version_ |
1810459594063872000 |