Stereology of the neocortex in Odontocetes: qualitative, quantitative, and functional implications
We investigated the quantitative morphology of the neocortex (gray matter) in 2 toothed whale (odontocete) species (harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena; bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus) with stereological methods. The 4 primary projection areas (motor, somatosensory, auditory, and visual field...
Published in: | Brain, Behavior and Evolution |
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2011
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ftunivkiel:oai:macau.uni-kiel.de:macau_mods_00002184 2024-06-23T07:56:12+00:00 Stereology of the neocortex in Odontocetes: qualitative, quantitative, and functional implications Kern, A Siebert, Ursula Cozzi, B Hof, Patrick R Oelschläger, Helmut A. 2011 https://doi.org/10.1159/000323674 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2021-00843-5 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/macau_mods_00002184 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/macau_derivate_00003275/323674.pdf eng eng Brain, behavior and evolution : official journal of the J. B. Johnston Club for Evolutionary Neuroscience -- 0006-8977 https://doi.org/10.1159/000323674 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2021-00843-5 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/macau_mods_00002184 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/macau_derivate_00003275/323674.pdf https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article ScholarlyArticle ddc:610 Published Version Neocortex Neurons Animals Imaging Three-Dimensional Cell Count Behavior Animal Adaptation Physiological Species Specificity Image Processing Computer-Assisted Bottle-Nosed Dolphin Phocoena article Text doc-type:Article 2011 ftunivkiel https://doi.org/10.1159/000323674 2024-06-12T14:18:47Z We investigated the quantitative morphology of the neocortex (gray matter) in 2 toothed whale (odontocete) species (harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena; bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus) with stereological methods. The 4 primary projection areas (motor, somatosensory, auditory, and visual fields) are analyzed for their cell densities in layers III and V with standard design-based stereology methods. Along cortical areas M1, S1, A1, and V1 in Tursiops, neuron density is always higher in layer III than in layer V, whereas the data in Phocoena are variable. Moreover, neuron density in layer III is generally around 1.5 times higher in Tursiops than in Phocoena. Maximal density values are seen in layer III of A1 and V1 in Tursiops and the ratio of layer III/layer V density is maximal in A1 of this species. Thus, layer III could have a higher capacity in the bottlenose dolphin with regard to intrinsic connectivity. Extant knowledge on toothed whale neurobiology and behavior suggests that quantitative/stereological differences between the 2 odontocete species regarding the neuron density of standard cortical units may be correlated with specific adaptations to their respective habitats. In contrast to layers V and VI which mainly serve as an executive system, layer III could represent an intermediate level in sensory and premotor processing which works more tangentially in the cortices via horizontal connections with other cortical areas, respectively. The generally higher density of cortical layer III in Tursiops suggests a higher connectivity of this layer in view of the more agile and complicated behavior of these gregarious animals including versatile phonation by complex sound and ultrasound signals. Article in Journal/Newspaper Phocoena phocoena toothed whale MACAU: Open Access Repository of Kiel University Brain, Behavior and Evolution 77 2 79 90 |
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MACAU: Open Access Repository of Kiel University |
op_collection_id |
ftunivkiel |
language |
English |
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article ScholarlyArticle ddc:610 Published Version Neocortex Neurons Animals Imaging Three-Dimensional Cell Count Behavior Animal Adaptation Physiological Species Specificity Image Processing Computer-Assisted Bottle-Nosed Dolphin Phocoena |
spellingShingle |
article ScholarlyArticle ddc:610 Published Version Neocortex Neurons Animals Imaging Three-Dimensional Cell Count Behavior Animal Adaptation Physiological Species Specificity Image Processing Computer-Assisted Bottle-Nosed Dolphin Phocoena Kern, A Siebert, Ursula Cozzi, B Hof, Patrick R Oelschläger, Helmut A. Stereology of the neocortex in Odontocetes: qualitative, quantitative, and functional implications |
topic_facet |
article ScholarlyArticle ddc:610 Published Version Neocortex Neurons Animals Imaging Three-Dimensional Cell Count Behavior Animal Adaptation Physiological Species Specificity Image Processing Computer-Assisted Bottle-Nosed Dolphin Phocoena |
description |
We investigated the quantitative morphology of the neocortex (gray matter) in 2 toothed whale (odontocete) species (harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena; bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus) with stereological methods. The 4 primary projection areas (motor, somatosensory, auditory, and visual fields) are analyzed for their cell densities in layers III and V with standard design-based stereology methods. Along cortical areas M1, S1, A1, and V1 in Tursiops, neuron density is always higher in layer III than in layer V, whereas the data in Phocoena are variable. Moreover, neuron density in layer III is generally around 1.5 times higher in Tursiops than in Phocoena. Maximal density values are seen in layer III of A1 and V1 in Tursiops and the ratio of layer III/layer V density is maximal in A1 of this species. Thus, layer III could have a higher capacity in the bottlenose dolphin with regard to intrinsic connectivity. Extant knowledge on toothed whale neurobiology and behavior suggests that quantitative/stereological differences between the 2 odontocete species regarding the neuron density of standard cortical units may be correlated with specific adaptations to their respective habitats. In contrast to layers V and VI which mainly serve as an executive system, layer III could represent an intermediate level in sensory and premotor processing which works more tangentially in the cortices via horizontal connections with other cortical areas, respectively. The generally higher density of cortical layer III in Tursiops suggests a higher connectivity of this layer in view of the more agile and complicated behavior of these gregarious animals including versatile phonation by complex sound and ultrasound signals. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kern, A Siebert, Ursula Cozzi, B Hof, Patrick R Oelschläger, Helmut A. |
author_facet |
Kern, A Siebert, Ursula Cozzi, B Hof, Patrick R Oelschläger, Helmut A. |
author_sort |
Kern, A |
title |
Stereology of the neocortex in Odontocetes: qualitative, quantitative, and functional implications |
title_short |
Stereology of the neocortex in Odontocetes: qualitative, quantitative, and functional implications |
title_full |
Stereology of the neocortex in Odontocetes: qualitative, quantitative, and functional implications |
title_fullStr |
Stereology of the neocortex in Odontocetes: qualitative, quantitative, and functional implications |
title_full_unstemmed |
Stereology of the neocortex in Odontocetes: qualitative, quantitative, and functional implications |
title_sort |
stereology of the neocortex in odontocetes: qualitative, quantitative, and functional implications |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1159/000323674 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2021-00843-5 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/macau_mods_00002184 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/macau_derivate_00003275/323674.pdf |
genre |
Phocoena phocoena toothed whale |
genre_facet |
Phocoena phocoena toothed whale |
op_relation |
Brain, behavior and evolution : official journal of the J. B. Johnston Club for Evolutionary Neuroscience -- 0006-8977 https://doi.org/10.1159/000323674 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2021-00843-5 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/macau_mods_00002184 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/macau_derivate_00003275/323674.pdf |
op_rights |
https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1159/000323674 |
container_title |
Brain, Behavior and Evolution |
container_volume |
77 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
79 |
op_container_end_page |
90 |
_version_ |
1802649144275238912 |