Production of greenhouse gases in organic-rich sediments
Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are greenhouse gases, which atmospheric concentrations increased since preindustrial times by ~150 and ~20%, respectively, mainly due to the increase in anthropogenic emissions. The atmospheric increase of greenhouse gases (incl. carbon dioxide (CO2), CH4 and N2...
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ftunivkiel:oai:macau.uni-kiel.de:diss_mods_00017688 2024-06-23T07:55:55+00:00 Production of greenhouse gases in organic-rich sediments Produktion von Treibhausgasen in organikreichen Sedimenten Maltby, Johanna Bange, Hermann Wallmann, Klaus 2015 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-diss-176885 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/diss_mods_00017688 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/dissertation_derivate_00006299/diss_maltby.pdf eng eng https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-diss-176885 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/diss_mods_00017688 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/dissertation_derivate_00006299/diss_maltby.pdf https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess thesis ddc:570 Methane Methanogenesis Sulfate reduction Competition Nitrous oxide Denitrification Methan Methanogenese Sulfatreduktion Konkurrenz Distickstoffmonoxid Denitrifikation dissertation Text doc-type:PhDThesis 2015 ftunivkiel 2024-06-12T14:20:04Z Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are greenhouse gases, which atmospheric concentrations increased since preindustrial times by ~150 and ~20%, respectively, mainly due to the increase in anthropogenic emissions. The atmospheric increase of greenhouse gases (incl. carbon dioxide (CO2), CH4 and N2O) led to various effects on the Earth’s surface and atmosphere, summarized as global climate change. In the marine environment, temperature rise, sea level rise, ocean acidification, and decreased oxygen concentrations are the most significant effects of climate change. To predict possible changes through climate change in the future, natural and anthropogenic sources and production/consumption pathways of greenhouse gases need to be determined carefully. To date, research is sparse on the sources for oceanic CH4 and N2O, thus leading to uncertainties in global ocean emission estimates. Marine, organic-rich sediments (e.g. in coastal areas) are known to be major benthic sources for CH4 and N2O, which eventually could end up in the atmosphere. Both greenhouse gases are produced by microbial processes during the degradation of organic matter in marine sediments, namely methanogenesis and denitrification (next to nitrification), respectively. However, knowledge about magnitude and environmental controls of these microbial processes is still limited. In the present study, benthic CH4 and N2O production was investigated in three different marine areas with the focus on the surface sediment (0-30 cmbsf=centimeter below surface): the upwelling region off Peru, the Eckernförde Bay in the southwestern Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. In sediments from Peru and Eckernförde Bay, the focus was set on surface methanogenesis within the sulfate-reducing zone, which has been thought to be negligible due to the successful competition of sulfate reducers for the mutual substrates hydrogen (H2) and acetate. In oil-influenced sediments from the Gulf of Mexico, the focus was set on benthic denitrification and sulfate reduction, with ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Ocean acidification MACAU: Open Access Repository of Kiel University |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MACAU: Open Access Repository of Kiel University |
op_collection_id |
ftunivkiel |
language |
English |
topic |
thesis ddc:570 Methane Methanogenesis Sulfate reduction Competition Nitrous oxide Denitrification Methan Methanogenese Sulfatreduktion Konkurrenz Distickstoffmonoxid Denitrifikation |
spellingShingle |
thesis ddc:570 Methane Methanogenesis Sulfate reduction Competition Nitrous oxide Denitrification Methan Methanogenese Sulfatreduktion Konkurrenz Distickstoffmonoxid Denitrifikation Maltby, Johanna Production of greenhouse gases in organic-rich sediments |
topic_facet |
thesis ddc:570 Methane Methanogenesis Sulfate reduction Competition Nitrous oxide Denitrification Methan Methanogenese Sulfatreduktion Konkurrenz Distickstoffmonoxid Denitrifikation |
description |
Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are greenhouse gases, which atmospheric concentrations increased since preindustrial times by ~150 and ~20%, respectively, mainly due to the increase in anthropogenic emissions. The atmospheric increase of greenhouse gases (incl. carbon dioxide (CO2), CH4 and N2O) led to various effects on the Earth’s surface and atmosphere, summarized as global climate change. In the marine environment, temperature rise, sea level rise, ocean acidification, and decreased oxygen concentrations are the most significant effects of climate change. To predict possible changes through climate change in the future, natural and anthropogenic sources and production/consumption pathways of greenhouse gases need to be determined carefully. To date, research is sparse on the sources for oceanic CH4 and N2O, thus leading to uncertainties in global ocean emission estimates. Marine, organic-rich sediments (e.g. in coastal areas) are known to be major benthic sources for CH4 and N2O, which eventually could end up in the atmosphere. Both greenhouse gases are produced by microbial processes during the degradation of organic matter in marine sediments, namely methanogenesis and denitrification (next to nitrification), respectively. However, knowledge about magnitude and environmental controls of these microbial processes is still limited. In the present study, benthic CH4 and N2O production was investigated in three different marine areas with the focus on the surface sediment (0-30 cmbsf=centimeter below surface): the upwelling region off Peru, the Eckernförde Bay in the southwestern Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. In sediments from Peru and Eckernförde Bay, the focus was set on surface methanogenesis within the sulfate-reducing zone, which has been thought to be negligible due to the successful competition of sulfate reducers for the mutual substrates hydrogen (H2) and acetate. In oil-influenced sediments from the Gulf of Mexico, the focus was set on benthic denitrification and sulfate reduction, with ... |
author2 |
Bange, Hermann Wallmann, Klaus |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Maltby, Johanna |
author_facet |
Maltby, Johanna |
author_sort |
Maltby, Johanna |
title |
Production of greenhouse gases in organic-rich sediments |
title_short |
Production of greenhouse gases in organic-rich sediments |
title_full |
Production of greenhouse gases in organic-rich sediments |
title_fullStr |
Production of greenhouse gases in organic-rich sediments |
title_full_unstemmed |
Production of greenhouse gases in organic-rich sediments |
title_sort |
production of greenhouse gases in organic-rich sediments |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-diss-176885 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/diss_mods_00017688 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/dissertation_derivate_00006299/diss_maltby.pdf |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-diss-176885 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/diss_mods_00017688 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/dissertation_derivate_00006299/diss_maltby.pdf |
op_rights |
https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
_version_ |
1802648715663507456 |