MODELING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS: APPLICATIONS AND METHODS FOR MARINE BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CONSERVATION
I employed multidisciplinary approaches for understanding distributions of marine fishes in the present, past, and future, and for considering more broadly the historical role of primary research in policy decisions. In chapter 1, I generated ecological niche models (ENMs) for Latimeria chalumnae us...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
University of Kansas
2015
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19185 http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:13884 |
id |
ftunivkansas:oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/19185 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivkansas:oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/19185 2023-05-15T15:14:10+02:00 MODELING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS: APPLICATIONS AND METHODS FOR MARINE BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CONSERVATION Owens, Hannah L. Peterson, Andrew Townsend Wiley, Edward O Mort, Mark Smith, William Leo Egbert, Stephen 2015 119 pages http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19185 http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:13884 en eng University of Kansas http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:13884 http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19185 orcid:0000-0003-0071-1745 Copyright held by the author. openAccess Biology Ecology Systematic biology biogeography character reconstruction ecological niche modeling Gadinae Latimeria Dissertation 2015 ftunivkansas 2022-08-26T13:17:26Z I employed multidisciplinary approaches for understanding distributions of marine fishes in the present, past, and future, and for considering more broadly the historical role of primary research in policy decisions. In chapter 1, I generated ecological niche models (ENMs) for Latimeria chalumnae using two different modeling algorithms; these models anticipated occurrences of L. chalumnae's sister species, L. menadoensis, but sample sizes were not large enough to assess the statistical significance of these species' niche similarity. Furthermore, the range of coelacanths may extend beyond their presently known distributions; future exploration may reveal additional populations of these elusive fishes. In chapter 2, I developed a holistic biogeographic history of codfishes in the subfamily Gadinae. I found both ecological niche and geographic distributions of gadine fishes to be largely conservative, but two clades, tomcods and crown cods, included both Pacific and Atlantic species. Divergence in both clades was estimated to have begun in the Pliocene; environmental tolerance reconstructions support temperate origins of both clades, and cyclical Arctic ice formation may have driven divergence. In chapter 3, I addressed the role of general circulation model (GCM) bias as a significant source of uncertainty in estimates of species' potential distributional responses to climate change. ENMs of 15 gadine species calibrated using an observation-based dataset and a dataset derived from the CCSM4 GCM showed areas of disagreement concordant with known GCM biases. Consciousness of bias in GCM data will allow researchers and policy makers to identify areas of particular concern for biodiversity more realistically. Finally, in chapter 4, I explored the evolution of the relationship between policy makers and researchers through the lens of the U.S. Fisheries Service. Building cooperative capacity between these two groups led to a more systematic understanding of the oceans, and thus to success in reducing numbers of ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic Climate change The University of Kansas: KU ScholarWorks Arctic Pacific |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The University of Kansas: KU ScholarWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftunivkansas |
language |
English |
topic |
Biology Ecology Systematic biology biogeography character reconstruction ecological niche modeling Gadinae Latimeria |
spellingShingle |
Biology Ecology Systematic biology biogeography character reconstruction ecological niche modeling Gadinae Latimeria Owens, Hannah L. MODELING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS: APPLICATIONS AND METHODS FOR MARINE BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CONSERVATION |
topic_facet |
Biology Ecology Systematic biology biogeography character reconstruction ecological niche modeling Gadinae Latimeria |
description |
I employed multidisciplinary approaches for understanding distributions of marine fishes in the present, past, and future, and for considering more broadly the historical role of primary research in policy decisions. In chapter 1, I generated ecological niche models (ENMs) for Latimeria chalumnae using two different modeling algorithms; these models anticipated occurrences of L. chalumnae's sister species, L. menadoensis, but sample sizes were not large enough to assess the statistical significance of these species' niche similarity. Furthermore, the range of coelacanths may extend beyond their presently known distributions; future exploration may reveal additional populations of these elusive fishes. In chapter 2, I developed a holistic biogeographic history of codfishes in the subfamily Gadinae. I found both ecological niche and geographic distributions of gadine fishes to be largely conservative, but two clades, tomcods and crown cods, included both Pacific and Atlantic species. Divergence in both clades was estimated to have begun in the Pliocene; environmental tolerance reconstructions support temperate origins of both clades, and cyclical Arctic ice formation may have driven divergence. In chapter 3, I addressed the role of general circulation model (GCM) bias as a significant source of uncertainty in estimates of species' potential distributional responses to climate change. ENMs of 15 gadine species calibrated using an observation-based dataset and a dataset derived from the CCSM4 GCM showed areas of disagreement concordant with known GCM biases. Consciousness of bias in GCM data will allow researchers and policy makers to identify areas of particular concern for biodiversity more realistically. Finally, in chapter 4, I explored the evolution of the relationship between policy makers and researchers through the lens of the U.S. Fisheries Service. Building cooperative capacity between these two groups led to a more systematic understanding of the oceans, and thus to success in reducing numbers of ... |
author2 |
Peterson, Andrew Townsend Wiley, Edward O Mort, Mark Smith, William Leo Egbert, Stephen |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Owens, Hannah L. |
author_facet |
Owens, Hannah L. |
author_sort |
Owens, Hannah L. |
title |
MODELING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS: APPLICATIONS AND METHODS FOR MARINE BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CONSERVATION |
title_short |
MODELING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS: APPLICATIONS AND METHODS FOR MARINE BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CONSERVATION |
title_full |
MODELING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS: APPLICATIONS AND METHODS FOR MARINE BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CONSERVATION |
title_fullStr |
MODELING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS: APPLICATIONS AND METHODS FOR MARINE BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CONSERVATION |
title_full_unstemmed |
MODELING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS: APPLICATIONS AND METHODS FOR MARINE BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CONSERVATION |
title_sort |
modeling species distributions: applications and methods for marine biogeography and conservation |
publisher |
University of Kansas |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19185 http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:13884 |
geographic |
Arctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Pacific |
genre |
Arctic Climate change |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change |
op_relation |
http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:13884 http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19185 orcid:0000-0003-0071-1745 |
op_rights |
Copyright held by the author. openAccess |
_version_ |
1766344654568030208 |