Terrestrial effects of possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production
This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/grl.50222/abstract We examine possible sources of a substantial increase in tree ring 14C measurements for the years AD 774-775. Contrary to claims regarding a coronal mass ejection (C...
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ftunivkansas:oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/14474 2023-05-15T16:39:09+02:00 Terrestrial effects of possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production Thomas, Brian C. Melott, Adrian L. Arkenberg, Keith R. 2014-07-03T15:29:12Z http://hdl.handle.net/1808/14474 https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50222 unknown American Geophysical Union Brian C. Thomas et al. (2013). Terrestrial effects due to possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production. Geophysical Research Letters 40:41643. http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1002/grl.50222 0094-8276 http://hdl.handle.net/1808/14474 doi:10.1002/grl.50222 orcid:0000-0001-9091-0830 openAccess Solar proton event Ozone carbon-14 Article 2014 ftunivkansas https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50222 2022-08-26T13:14:56Z This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/grl.50222/abstract We examine possible sources of a substantial increase in tree ring 14C measurements for the years AD 774-775. Contrary to claims regarding a coronal mass ejection (CME), the required CME energy is not several orders of magnitude greater than known solar events. We consider solar proton events (SPEs) with three different fluences and two different spectra. The data may be explained by an event with fluence about one order of magnitude beyond the October 1989 SPE. Two hard spectrum cases considered here result in moderate ozone depletion, so no mass extinction is implied, though we do predict increases in erythema and damage to plants from enhanced solar UV. We are able to rule out an event with a very soft spectrum that causes severe ozone depletion and subsequent biological impacts. Nitrate enhancements are consistent with their apparent absence in ice core data. The modern technological implications of such an event may be extreme, and considering recent confirmation of superflares on solar-type stars, this issue merits attention. Article in Journal/Newspaper ice core The University of Kansas: KU ScholarWorks Geophysical Research Letters 40 6 1237 1240 |
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Open Polar |
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The University of Kansas: KU ScholarWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftunivkansas |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Solar proton event Ozone carbon-14 |
spellingShingle |
Solar proton event Ozone carbon-14 Thomas, Brian C. Melott, Adrian L. Arkenberg, Keith R. Terrestrial effects of possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production |
topic_facet |
Solar proton event Ozone carbon-14 |
description |
This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/grl.50222/abstract We examine possible sources of a substantial increase in tree ring 14C measurements for the years AD 774-775. Contrary to claims regarding a coronal mass ejection (CME), the required CME energy is not several orders of magnitude greater than known solar events. We consider solar proton events (SPEs) with three different fluences and two different spectra. The data may be explained by an event with fluence about one order of magnitude beyond the October 1989 SPE. Two hard spectrum cases considered here result in moderate ozone depletion, so no mass extinction is implied, though we do predict increases in erythema and damage to plants from enhanced solar UV. We are able to rule out an event with a very soft spectrum that causes severe ozone depletion and subsequent biological impacts. Nitrate enhancements are consistent with their apparent absence in ice core data. The modern technological implications of such an event may be extreme, and considering recent confirmation of superflares on solar-type stars, this issue merits attention. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thomas, Brian C. Melott, Adrian L. Arkenberg, Keith R. |
author_facet |
Thomas, Brian C. Melott, Adrian L. Arkenberg, Keith R. |
author_sort |
Thomas, Brian C. |
title |
Terrestrial effects of possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production |
title_short |
Terrestrial effects of possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production |
title_full |
Terrestrial effects of possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production |
title_fullStr |
Terrestrial effects of possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production |
title_full_unstemmed |
Terrestrial effects of possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production |
title_sort |
terrestrial effects of possible astrophysical sources of an ad 774-775 increase in 14c production |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/14474 https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50222 |
genre |
ice core |
genre_facet |
ice core |
op_relation |
Brian C. Thomas et al. (2013). Terrestrial effects due to possible astrophysical sources of an AD 774-775 increase in 14C production. Geophysical Research Letters 40:41643. http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1002/grl.50222 0094-8276 http://hdl.handle.net/1808/14474 doi:10.1002/grl.50222 orcid:0000-0001-9091-0830 |
op_rights |
openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50222 |
container_title |
Geophysical Research Letters |
container_volume |
40 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1237 |
op_container_end_page |
1240 |
_version_ |
1766029489336221696 |