The direct effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: Increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests
Predictions about the ecological consequences of oceanic uptake of CO 2 have been preoccupied with the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms, particularly those critical to the formation of habitats (e.g. coral reefs) or their maintenance (e.g. grazing echinoderms). This focus overl...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 http://hdl.handle.net/10722/213108 |
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ftunivhongkonghu:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/213108 2023-05-15T17:50:34+02:00 The direct effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: Increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests Connell, Sean D. Russell, Bayden D. 2010 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 http://hdl.handle.net/10722/213108 eng eng Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010, v. 277, n. 1686, p. 1409-1415 doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 1471-2970 1415 1555972 0962-8452 1686 20053651 eid_2-s2.0-77952257467 1409 http://hdl.handle.net/10722/213108 277 Habitat resilience Turf-forming algae Carbon dioxide Climate change Phase shift Article 2010 ftunivhongkonghu https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 2023-01-14T16:07:53Z Predictions about the ecological consequences of oceanic uptake of CO 2 have been preoccupied with the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms, particularly those critical to the formation of habitats (e.g. coral reefs) or their maintenance (e.g. grazing echinoderms). This focus overlooks the direct effects of CO2 on non-calcareous taxa, particularly those that play critical roles in ecosystem shifts. We used two experiments to investigate whether increased CO2 could exacerbate kelp loss by facilitating non-calcareous algae that, we hypothesized, (i) inhibit the recovery of kelp forests on an urbanized coast, and (ii) form more extensive covers and greater biomass under moderate future CO2 and associated temperature increases. Our experimental removal of turfs from a phase-shifted system (i.e. kelp- to turf-dominated) revealed that the number of kelp recruits increased, thereby indicating that turfs can inhibit kelp recruitment. Future CO2 and temperature interacted synergistically to have a positive effect on the abundance of algal turfs, whereby they had twice the biomass and occupied over four times more available space than under current conditions. We suggest that the current preoccupation with the negative effects of ocean acidification on marine calcifiers overlooks potentially profound effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms. © 2010 The Royal Society. Link_to_subscribed_fulltext Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification University of Hong Kong: HKU Scholars Hub Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277 1686 1409 1415 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Hong Kong: HKU Scholars Hub |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhongkonghu |
language |
English |
topic |
Habitat resilience Turf-forming algae Carbon dioxide Climate change Phase shift |
spellingShingle |
Habitat resilience Turf-forming algae Carbon dioxide Climate change Phase shift Connell, Sean D. Russell, Bayden D. The direct effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: Increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
topic_facet |
Habitat resilience Turf-forming algae Carbon dioxide Climate change Phase shift |
description |
Predictions about the ecological consequences of oceanic uptake of CO 2 have been preoccupied with the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms, particularly those critical to the formation of habitats (e.g. coral reefs) or their maintenance (e.g. grazing echinoderms). This focus overlooks the direct effects of CO2 on non-calcareous taxa, particularly those that play critical roles in ecosystem shifts. We used two experiments to investigate whether increased CO2 could exacerbate kelp loss by facilitating non-calcareous algae that, we hypothesized, (i) inhibit the recovery of kelp forests on an urbanized coast, and (ii) form more extensive covers and greater biomass under moderate future CO2 and associated temperature increases. Our experimental removal of turfs from a phase-shifted system (i.e. kelp- to turf-dominated) revealed that the number of kelp recruits increased, thereby indicating that turfs can inhibit kelp recruitment. Future CO2 and temperature interacted synergistically to have a positive effect on the abundance of algal turfs, whereby they had twice the biomass and occupied over four times more available space than under current conditions. We suggest that the current preoccupation with the negative effects of ocean acidification on marine calcifiers overlooks potentially profound effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms. © 2010 The Royal Society. Link_to_subscribed_fulltext |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Connell, Sean D. Russell, Bayden D. |
author_facet |
Connell, Sean D. Russell, Bayden D. |
author_sort |
Connell, Sean D. |
title |
The direct effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: Increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_short |
The direct effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: Increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_full |
The direct effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: Increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_fullStr |
The direct effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: Increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_full_unstemmed |
The direct effects of increasing CO2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: Increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
title_sort |
direct effects of increasing co2 and temperature on non-calcifying organisms: increasing the potential for phase shifts in kelp forests |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 http://hdl.handle.net/10722/213108 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010, v. 277, n. 1686, p. 1409-1415 doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 1471-2970 1415 1555972 0962-8452 1686 20053651 eid_2-s2.0-77952257467 1409 http://hdl.handle.net/10722/213108 277 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2069 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
277 |
container_issue |
1686 |
container_start_page |
1409 |
op_container_end_page |
1415 |
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1766157383370801152 |