A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry
A one-dimensional model for simulating the evolution of physical and chemical properties of an aerosol population has been developed in order to simulate cloud or fog droplet formation. The physicochemical processes affecting the aerosol population and included in the model are condensation and evap...
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Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
2024
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/578215 2024-09-15T18:00:09+00:00 A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry Kokkola, H. Romakkaniemi, S. Kulmala, M. Laaksonen, A. 2024-06-27T13:44:49Z 413-424 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/578215 eng eng Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board Boreal Environment Research 1239-6095 1797-2469 4 8 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/578215 Suomen ympäristökeskus CC BY 4.0 openAccess Artikkeli lehdessä 2024 ftunivhelsihelda 2024-08-21T23:48:04Z A one-dimensional model for simulating the evolution of physical and chemical properties of an aerosol population has been developed in order to simulate cloud or fog droplet formation. The physicochemical processes affecting the aerosol population and included in the model are condensation and evaporation of water vapor and trace gases, gas emissions, and reversible and irreversible chemical reactions producing sulfate in the liquid phase. The model also includes modules for equilibrating the aerosol population with water vapor and trace gases, and for calculating the optical properties of the aerosol population. In this article, we compare the model results with other cloud models, and show that very similar fractions of activated particles are obtained using the thermodynamical models EQUISOLV II and AIM. We point out that when ammonia and strong acids (nitric and/or hydrochloric) are present in the system, the methods for the initial equilibration of the semi-volatile compounds can have a significant effect on the simulation results. We also compare the effects of nitric and hydrochloric acid with cloud drop activation and study sulfate production in the presence and in the absence of condensable trace gases. Article in Journal/Newspaper Boreal Environment Research HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
description |
A one-dimensional model for simulating the evolution of physical and chemical properties of an aerosol population has been developed in order to simulate cloud or fog droplet formation. The physicochemical processes affecting the aerosol population and included in the model are condensation and evaporation of water vapor and trace gases, gas emissions, and reversible and irreversible chemical reactions producing sulfate in the liquid phase. The model also includes modules for equilibrating the aerosol population with water vapor and trace gases, and for calculating the optical properties of the aerosol population. In this article, we compare the model results with other cloud models, and show that very similar fractions of activated particles are obtained using the thermodynamical models EQUISOLV II and AIM. We point out that when ammonia and strong acids (nitric and/or hydrochloric) are present in the system, the methods for the initial equilibration of the semi-volatile compounds can have a significant effect on the simulation results. We also compare the effects of nitric and hydrochloric acid with cloud drop activation and study sulfate production in the presence and in the absence of condensable trace gases. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kokkola, H. Romakkaniemi, S. Kulmala, M. Laaksonen, A. |
spellingShingle |
Kokkola, H. Romakkaniemi, S. Kulmala, M. Laaksonen, A. A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry |
author_facet |
Kokkola, H. Romakkaniemi, S. Kulmala, M. Laaksonen, A. |
author_sort |
Kokkola, H. |
title |
A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry |
title_short |
A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry |
title_full |
A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry |
title_fullStr |
A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry |
title_full_unstemmed |
A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry |
title_sort |
cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry |
publisher |
Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/578215 |
genre |
Boreal Environment Research |
genre_facet |
Boreal Environment Research |
op_relation |
Boreal Environment Research 1239-6095 1797-2469 4 8 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/578215 Suomen ympäristökeskus |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 openAccess |
_version_ |
1810437272214962176 |