Empirical algorithms for Secchi disk depth using optical and microwave remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea
In this paper empirical algorithms for determining the Secchi disk depth (SDD) are developed and employed using optical (e.g., Landsat TM) and microwave (e.g., ERS-2 SAR) remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea. The SDD is an important optical measure of water quality in...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
2024
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/578202 |
id |
ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/578202 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/578202 2024-09-15T18:00:09+00:00 Empirical algorithms for Secchi disk depth using optical and microwave remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea Zhang, Y. Pulliainen, J. Koponen, S. Hallikainen, M. 2024-06-27T13:44:48Z 251-261 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/578202 eng eng Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board Boreal Environment Research 1239-6095 1797-2469 3 8 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/578202 Suomen ympäristökeskus CC BY 4.0 openAccess Artikkeli lehdessä 2024 ftunivhelsihelda 2024-08-21T23:48:04Z In this paper empirical algorithms for determining the Secchi disk depth (SDD) are developed and employed using optical (e.g., Landsat TM) and microwave (e.g., ERS-2 SAR) remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea. The SDD is an important optical measure of water quality in the study area, where the coastal water considerably attenuates light because of the presence of phytoplankton, suspended matter and yellow substance. The results show that the accuracy of SDD estimation using a neural network-based method is much higher than that of a semi-empirical or multivariate approach. On the other hand, the additional use of SAR data only slightly improved SDD estimation when compared with the use of TM data only. Although the improvement is marginal, the results suggest that there may be some SAR backscattering signatures correlated to SDD measurements in the area. However, such a small improvement is not very helpful for the practical estimation of SDD. In the future, the technique of using combined optical and microwave data still needs to be refined using, e.g., MERIS and ASAR data. Article in Journal/Newspaper Boreal Environment Research HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
description |
In this paper empirical algorithms for determining the Secchi disk depth (SDD) are developed and employed using optical (e.g., Landsat TM) and microwave (e.g., ERS-2 SAR) remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea. The SDD is an important optical measure of water quality in the study area, where the coastal water considerably attenuates light because of the presence of phytoplankton, suspended matter and yellow substance. The results show that the accuracy of SDD estimation using a neural network-based method is much higher than that of a semi-empirical or multivariate approach. On the other hand, the additional use of SAR data only slightly improved SDD estimation when compared with the use of TM data only. Although the improvement is marginal, the results suggest that there may be some SAR backscattering signatures correlated to SDD measurements in the area. However, such a small improvement is not very helpful for the practical estimation of SDD. In the future, the technique of using combined optical and microwave data still needs to be refined using, e.g., MERIS and ASAR data. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zhang, Y. Pulliainen, J. Koponen, S. Hallikainen, M. |
spellingShingle |
Zhang, Y. Pulliainen, J. Koponen, S. Hallikainen, M. Empirical algorithms for Secchi disk depth using optical and microwave remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea |
author_facet |
Zhang, Y. Pulliainen, J. Koponen, S. Hallikainen, M. |
author_sort |
Zhang, Y. |
title |
Empirical algorithms for Secchi disk depth using optical and microwave remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea |
title_short |
Empirical algorithms for Secchi disk depth using optical and microwave remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea |
title_full |
Empirical algorithms for Secchi disk depth using optical and microwave remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea |
title_fullStr |
Empirical algorithms for Secchi disk depth using optical and microwave remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Empirical algorithms for Secchi disk depth using optical and microwave remote sensing data from the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea |
title_sort |
empirical algorithms for secchi disk depth using optical and microwave remote sensing data from the gulf of finland and the archipelago sea |
publisher |
Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/578202 |
genre |
Boreal Environment Research |
genre_facet |
Boreal Environment Research |
op_relation |
Boreal Environment Research 1239-6095 1797-2469 3 8 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/578202 Suomen ympäristökeskus |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 openAccess |
_version_ |
1810437286382272512 |