Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments
Endangered wild fish populations are commonly supported by hatchery propagation. However, hatchery-reared fish experience very different selective pressures compared to their wild counterparts, potentially causing genotype-by-environment interactions (G × E) in essential fitness traits. We experimen...
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Wiley
2024
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/576294 |
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/576294 |
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openpolar |
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Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
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ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
captive rearing growth hatchery selection salmonids survival Ecology evolutionary biology |
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captive rearing growth hatchery selection salmonids survival Ecology evolutionary biology Janhunen, Matti Eronen, Aslak Kekäläinen, Jukka Primmer, Craig R. Donner, Iikki Hyvärinen, Pekka Huuskonen, Hannu Kortet, Raine Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments |
topic_facet |
captive rearing growth hatchery selection salmonids survival Ecology evolutionary biology |
description |
Endangered wild fish populations are commonly supported by hatchery propagation. However, hatchery-reared fish experience very different selective pressures compared to their wild counterparts, potentially causing genotype-by-environment interactions (G × E) in essential fitness traits. We experimentally studied early selection in a critically endangered landlocked Atlantic salmon population, first from fertilization to the swim-up stage in a common hatchery setting, and thereafter until the age of 5 months in two contrasting rearing environments. Swim-up progeny were moved either to standard indoor hatchery tanks involving conventional husbandry or to seminatural outdoor channels providing only natural food. After the first summer, sampled survivors were assigned to their families by genotyping. Early survival until the swim-up stage was mostly determined by maternal effects, but also involved significant variation due to sires and full-sib families (potential genetic effects). High on-growing survival in hatchery tanks (88.7%) maintained a more even distribution among families (relative share 1.5%–4.2%) than the seminatural environment (0.0%–5.4%). This heterogeneity was mostly maternal, whereas no independent paternal effect occurred. Heritability estimates were high for body size traits in both environments (0.62–0.69). Genetic correlations between the environments were significantly positive for body size traits (0.67–0.69), and high body condition in hatchery was also genetically linked to rapid growth in the seminatural environment (0.54). Additive and phenotypic growth variation increased in the seminatural environment, but scaling effects probably played a less significant role for G × E, compared to re-ranking of genotypes. Our results suggest that not only maternal effects, but also genetic effects, direct selection according to the environmental conditions experienced. Consistently high genetic variation in growth implies that, despite its low overall genetic diversity and long history in captive ... |
author2 |
Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS) Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Evolution, Conservation, and Genomics Institute of Biotechnology |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Janhunen, Matti Eronen, Aslak Kekäläinen, Jukka Primmer, Craig R. Donner, Iikki Hyvärinen, Pekka Huuskonen, Hannu Kortet, Raine |
author_facet |
Janhunen, Matti Eronen, Aslak Kekäläinen, Jukka Primmer, Craig R. Donner, Iikki Hyvärinen, Pekka Huuskonen, Hannu Kortet, Raine |
author_sort |
Janhunen, Matti |
title |
Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments |
title_short |
Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments |
title_full |
Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments |
title_fullStr |
Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments |
title_full_unstemmed |
Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments |
title_sort |
selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/576294 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
10.1111/eva.13692 We thank the staff at the KFRS, particularly Ari Leinonen, Tommi Junnonaho and Erja Konttinen, for carefully preparing and maintaining the experiments. Funding was provided by the Natural Resources Institute Finland (project ViableSalmon), Raija and Ossi Tuuliainen Foundation (project 641158), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (VN/3589/2023), and the University of Eastern Finland. Funding was provided by Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke: ViableSalmon project), Raija and Ossi Tuuliainen Foundation (project 641158), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (VN/3589/2023), and University of Eastern Finland. Janhunen , M , Eronen , A , Kekäläinen , J , Primmer , C R , Donner , I , Hyvärinen , P , Huuskonen , H & Kortet , R 2024 , ' Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments ' , Evolutionary Applications , vol. 17 , no. 4 , e13692 . https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13692 ORCID: /0000-0002-3687-8435/work/160774551 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/576294 a7abb1ad-303b-4234-a852-53c5509d220c 85191683527 001208625300001 |
op_rights |
cc_by info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess openAccess |
_version_ |
1802642527257362432 |
spelling |
ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/576294 2024-06-23T07:51:25+00:00 Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments Janhunen, Matti Eronen, Aslak Kekäläinen, Jukka Primmer, Craig R. Donner, Iikki Hyvärinen, Pekka Huuskonen, Hannu Kortet, Raine Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS) Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Evolution, Conservation, and Genomics Institute of Biotechnology 2024-05-30T04:32:03Z 14 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/576294 eng eng Wiley 10.1111/eva.13692 We thank the staff at the KFRS, particularly Ari Leinonen, Tommi Junnonaho and Erja Konttinen, for carefully preparing and maintaining the experiments. Funding was provided by the Natural Resources Institute Finland (project ViableSalmon), Raija and Ossi Tuuliainen Foundation (project 641158), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (VN/3589/2023), and the University of Eastern Finland. Funding was provided by Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke: ViableSalmon project), Raija and Ossi Tuuliainen Foundation (project 641158), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (VN/3589/2023), and University of Eastern Finland. Janhunen , M , Eronen , A , Kekäläinen , J , Primmer , C R , Donner , I , Hyvärinen , P , Huuskonen , H & Kortet , R 2024 , ' Selection among critically endangered landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) families in survival and growth traits across early life stages and in different environments ' , Evolutionary Applications , vol. 17 , no. 4 , e13692 . https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13692 ORCID: /0000-0002-3687-8435/work/160774551 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/576294 a7abb1ad-303b-4234-a852-53c5509d220c 85191683527 001208625300001 cc_by info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess openAccess captive rearing growth hatchery selection salmonids survival Ecology evolutionary biology Article publishedVersion 2024 ftunivhelsihelda 2024-06-04T14:34:43Z Endangered wild fish populations are commonly supported by hatchery propagation. However, hatchery-reared fish experience very different selective pressures compared to their wild counterparts, potentially causing genotype-by-environment interactions (G × E) in essential fitness traits. We experimentally studied early selection in a critically endangered landlocked Atlantic salmon population, first from fertilization to the swim-up stage in a common hatchery setting, and thereafter until the age of 5 months in two contrasting rearing environments. Swim-up progeny were moved either to standard indoor hatchery tanks involving conventional husbandry or to seminatural outdoor channels providing only natural food. After the first summer, sampled survivors were assigned to their families by genotyping. Early survival until the swim-up stage was mostly determined by maternal effects, but also involved significant variation due to sires and full-sib families (potential genetic effects). High on-growing survival in hatchery tanks (88.7%) maintained a more even distribution among families (relative share 1.5%–4.2%) than the seminatural environment (0.0%–5.4%). This heterogeneity was mostly maternal, whereas no independent paternal effect occurred. Heritability estimates were high for body size traits in both environments (0.62–0.69). Genetic correlations between the environments were significantly positive for body size traits (0.67–0.69), and high body condition in hatchery was also genetically linked to rapid growth in the seminatural environment (0.54). Additive and phenotypic growth variation increased in the seminatural environment, but scaling effects probably played a less significant role for G × E, compared to re-ranking of genotypes. Our results suggest that not only maternal effects, but also genetic effects, direct selection according to the environmental conditions experienced. Consistently high genetic variation in growth implies that, despite its low overall genetic diversity and long history in captive ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |