Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone
The on-going climate warming is promoting shrub abundance in high latitudes, but the effect of this phenomenon on ecosystem functioning is expected to depend on whether deciduous or evergreen species increase in response to warming.To explore effects of long-term warming on shrubs and further on eco...
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111)
2023
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/568188 |
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/568188 2024-01-07T09:40:53+01:00 Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone Myrsky, Eero Mikola, Juha Kaarlejärvi, Elina Olofsson, Johan Sjogersten, Sofie Tupek, Boris Männistö, Minna K. Stark, Sari Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Research Centre for Ecological Change 2023-12-08T11:13:01Z 14 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/568188 eng eng John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) 10.1111/1365-2435.14466 Myrsky , E , Mikola , J , Kaarlejärvi , E , Olofsson , J , Sjogersten , S , Tupek , B , Männistö , M K & Stark , S 2023 , ' Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone ' , Functional Ecology . https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14466 ORCID: /0000-0002-4336-2648/work/148362926 ORCID: /0000-0003-0014-0073/work/148369140 0ba7f164-5577-4eee-baa3-959f2bc640f2 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/568188 001108546800001 cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CO2 exchange Arctic greening Climate change Deciduous dwarf shrubs Evergreen dwarf shrubs Moth outbreaks 1172 Environmental sciences 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology Article publishedVersion 2023 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:11:55Z The on-going climate warming is promoting shrub abundance in high latitudes, but the effect of this phenomenon on ecosystem functioning is expected to depend on whether deciduous or evergreen species increase in response to warming.To explore effects of long-term warming on shrubs and further on ecosystem functioning, we analysed vegetation and ecosystem CO2 exchange after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone in subarctic Sweden. A previous study conducted 9 years earlier had found increased evergreen Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum in the forest and increased deciduous Betula nana in the tundra. Following current understanding, we expected continued increase in shrub abundance that would be stronger in tundra than in forest. We expected warming to increase ecosystem respiration (R-e) and gross primary productivity (GPP), with a greater increase in R-e in tundra due to increased deciduous shrub abundance, leading to a less negative net ecosystem exchange and reduced ecosystem C sink strength. As predicted, vascular plant abundances were higher in the warmed plots with a stronger response in tundra than in forest. However, whereas B. nana had increased in abundance since the last survey, E. hermaphroditum abundance had declined due to several moth and rodent outbreaks during the past decade. In contrast to predictions, R-e was significantly lower in the warmed plots irrespective of habitat, and GPP increased marginally only in the forest. The lower R-e and a higher GPP under warming in the forest together led to increased net C sink. R-e was negatively associated with the total vascular plant abundance. Our results highlight the importance of disturbance regimes for vegetation responses to warming. Climate warming may promote species with both a high capacity to grow under warmer conditions and a resilience towards herbivore outbreaks. Negative correlation between R-e and total vascular plant abundance further indicate that the indirect impacts of increased plants on soil microclimate may become ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greening Arctic Betula nana Climate change Empetrum nigrum Subarctic Tundra HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Arctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
CO2 exchange Arctic greening Climate change Deciduous dwarf shrubs Evergreen dwarf shrubs Moth outbreaks 1172 Environmental sciences 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology |
spellingShingle |
CO2 exchange Arctic greening Climate change Deciduous dwarf shrubs Evergreen dwarf shrubs Moth outbreaks 1172 Environmental sciences 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology Myrsky, Eero Mikola, Juha Kaarlejärvi, Elina Olofsson, Johan Sjogersten, Sofie Tupek, Boris Männistö, Minna K. Stark, Sari Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone |
topic_facet |
CO2 exchange Arctic greening Climate change Deciduous dwarf shrubs Evergreen dwarf shrubs Moth outbreaks 1172 Environmental sciences 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology |
description |
The on-going climate warming is promoting shrub abundance in high latitudes, but the effect of this phenomenon on ecosystem functioning is expected to depend on whether deciduous or evergreen species increase in response to warming.To explore effects of long-term warming on shrubs and further on ecosystem functioning, we analysed vegetation and ecosystem CO2 exchange after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone in subarctic Sweden. A previous study conducted 9 years earlier had found increased evergreen Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum in the forest and increased deciduous Betula nana in the tundra. Following current understanding, we expected continued increase in shrub abundance that would be stronger in tundra than in forest. We expected warming to increase ecosystem respiration (R-e) and gross primary productivity (GPP), with a greater increase in R-e in tundra due to increased deciduous shrub abundance, leading to a less negative net ecosystem exchange and reduced ecosystem C sink strength. As predicted, vascular plant abundances were higher in the warmed plots with a stronger response in tundra than in forest. However, whereas B. nana had increased in abundance since the last survey, E. hermaphroditum abundance had declined due to several moth and rodent outbreaks during the past decade. In contrast to predictions, R-e was significantly lower in the warmed plots irrespective of habitat, and GPP increased marginally only in the forest. The lower R-e and a higher GPP under warming in the forest together led to increased net C sink. R-e was negatively associated with the total vascular plant abundance. Our results highlight the importance of disturbance regimes for vegetation responses to warming. Climate warming may promote species with both a high capacity to grow under warmer conditions and a resilience towards herbivore outbreaks. Negative correlation between R-e and total vascular plant abundance further indicate that the indirect impacts of increased plants on soil microclimate may become ... |
author2 |
Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Research Centre for Ecological Change |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Myrsky, Eero Mikola, Juha Kaarlejärvi, Elina Olofsson, Johan Sjogersten, Sofie Tupek, Boris Männistö, Minna K. Stark, Sari |
author_facet |
Myrsky, Eero Mikola, Juha Kaarlejärvi, Elina Olofsson, Johan Sjogersten, Sofie Tupek, Boris Männistö, Minna K. Stark, Sari |
author_sort |
Myrsky, Eero |
title |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone |
title_short |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone |
title_full |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone |
title_fullStr |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone |
title_full_unstemmed |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone |
title_sort |
higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone |
publisher |
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/568188 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Greening Arctic Betula nana Climate change Empetrum nigrum Subarctic Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greening Arctic Betula nana Climate change Empetrum nigrum Subarctic Tundra |
op_relation |
10.1111/1365-2435.14466 Myrsky , E , Mikola , J , Kaarlejärvi , E , Olofsson , J , Sjogersten , S , Tupek , B , Männistö , M K & Stark , S 2023 , ' Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest-tundra ecotone ' , Functional Ecology . https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14466 ORCID: /0000-0002-4336-2648/work/148362926 ORCID: /0000-0003-0014-0073/work/148369140 0ba7f164-5577-4eee-baa3-959f2bc640f2 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/568188 001108546800001 |
op_rights |
cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
_version_ |
1787421649745739776 |