Versatility as a cultural niche: palynological evidence on Iron Age and medieval land use on the Åland Islands

• Published in: Acta Borealia
• Main Authors: Larsson, Petter Ingolf, Alenius, Teija, Ilves, Kristin
• Other Authors: Department of Cultures, Archaeology
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD 2023
• Subjects: 615 History and Archaeology; Cultural niche construction; land use; Iron Age; medieval period; Åland Islands; risk management; Pollen; Acta Borealia
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/567393

The quantitative archaeological record of the Åland Islands (Finland) indicates a population boom in the mid-sixth century CE. Yet the number of palynological investigations on Åland is limited, resulting in a knowledge gap of anthropogenic landscape modification generated by the land use that followed the increased population. This article presents the results of a pollen analysis from Lake Lavsböle Träsk in central Åland, covering the period from the end of the Bronze Age into the modern period. The results of this study provide evidence of continuous land use throughout the Iron Age and the medieval period, and the population boom during the sixth century CE is indicated in the pollen signal. Altogether we argue for an economy based on cereal cultivation, animal husbandry, and maritime resource utilization (e.g. seal hunting, fishing, and fowling) as well as trading. The results indicate a society able to manage risks connected to their subsistence strategies, in which versatility seems to have had a key role. Peer reviewed