Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts
Heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) in mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks are useful recorders of mantle source processes because their ratios are not easily modified by differentiation. Here we utilize REEBOX PRO, a simulator of adiabatic decompression melting of the mantle, to study the behavior of...
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/351590 2024-06-23T07:52:24+00:00 Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts Raskaat harvinaiset maa-alkuaineet ja laakiobasalttien lähteet Heinonen, Jussi S. Brown, Eric L Turunen, Sanni T Luttinen, Arto V Petrology and Geochemistry Department of Geosciences and Geography Natural Sciences Unit 2022-12-12T07:23:01Z 17 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/351590 eng eng Oxford University Press 10.1093/petrology/egac098 Heinonen , J S , Brown , E L , Turunen , S T & Luttinen , A V 2022 , ' Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts ' , Journal of Petrology , vol. 63 , no. 10 , egac098 . https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egac098 ORCID: /0000-0002-3129-0392/work/124838256 ORCID: /0000-0001-8998-4357/work/160774852 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/351590 51fdc07c-87c7-4a57-b69a-ad918b920484 000874069800001 cc_by info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess openAccess rare earth elements modeling low Ti high Ti continental flood basalts DRONNING MAUD LAND LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCE TRACE-ELEMENT MANTLE SOURCES KAROO LIP ASTHENOSPHERE CONTRIBUTIONS DECCAN-TRAPS DYKE SWARM HIGH-TI PLUME Geosciences Article publishedVersion 2022 ftunivhelsihelda 2024-06-04T14:34:43Z Heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) in mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks are useful recorders of mantle source processes because their ratios are not easily modified by differentiation. Here we utilize REEBOX PRO, a simulator of adiabatic decompression melting of the mantle, to study the behavior of HREEs in the formation of continental flood basalt (CFB) parental magmas in the mantle. We simulate partial melting of depleted peridotite, pyrolitic peridotite, pyroxenite, and peridotite-pyroxenite mixtures at mantle potential temperatures of 1350-1650 degrees C and lithospheric thicknesses of 50-150 km, and compare the results to natural data. Many large igneous provinces are typified by low-Ti and high-Ti CFBs with contrasting HREE patterns. Our results show that low-Ti CFBs originate mainly from peridotitic sources. Flat mid-ocean ridge basalt-like HREE patterns typical of low-Ti CFBs can be generated beneath thick lithosphere (similar to 100 km), given that mantle potential temperatures are high (>1500 degrees C) and garnet is completely consumed from the source. We thus challenge the common interpretation that flat HREE patterns always indicate shallow sources for CFB parental magmas. High-Ti CFBs require pyroxenite-bearing sources (>= 10%). Contrary to a common view, their steep oceanic island basalt-like HREE patterns can be generated beneath quite a thin lithosphere (similar to 50 km), which is due to increased garnet stability in pyroxenite sources. When applied to CFBs of the Karoo large igneous province, the results are compatible with a model where a mantle plume penetrates a progressively thinning Gondwana lithosphere. Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper Dronning Maud Land HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Dronning Maud Land Journal of Petrology 63 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
rare earth elements modeling low Ti high Ti continental flood basalts DRONNING MAUD LAND LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCE TRACE-ELEMENT MANTLE SOURCES KAROO LIP ASTHENOSPHERE CONTRIBUTIONS DECCAN-TRAPS DYKE SWARM HIGH-TI PLUME Geosciences |
spellingShingle |
rare earth elements modeling low Ti high Ti continental flood basalts DRONNING MAUD LAND LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCE TRACE-ELEMENT MANTLE SOURCES KAROO LIP ASTHENOSPHERE CONTRIBUTIONS DECCAN-TRAPS DYKE SWARM HIGH-TI PLUME Geosciences Heinonen, Jussi S. Brown, Eric L Turunen, Sanni T Luttinen, Arto V Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts |
topic_facet |
rare earth elements modeling low Ti high Ti continental flood basalts DRONNING MAUD LAND LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCE TRACE-ELEMENT MANTLE SOURCES KAROO LIP ASTHENOSPHERE CONTRIBUTIONS DECCAN-TRAPS DYKE SWARM HIGH-TI PLUME Geosciences |
description |
Heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) in mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks are useful recorders of mantle source processes because their ratios are not easily modified by differentiation. Here we utilize REEBOX PRO, a simulator of adiabatic decompression melting of the mantle, to study the behavior of HREEs in the formation of continental flood basalt (CFB) parental magmas in the mantle. We simulate partial melting of depleted peridotite, pyrolitic peridotite, pyroxenite, and peridotite-pyroxenite mixtures at mantle potential temperatures of 1350-1650 degrees C and lithospheric thicknesses of 50-150 km, and compare the results to natural data. Many large igneous provinces are typified by low-Ti and high-Ti CFBs with contrasting HREE patterns. Our results show that low-Ti CFBs originate mainly from peridotitic sources. Flat mid-ocean ridge basalt-like HREE patterns typical of low-Ti CFBs can be generated beneath thick lithosphere (similar to 100 km), given that mantle potential temperatures are high (>1500 degrees C) and garnet is completely consumed from the source. We thus challenge the common interpretation that flat HREE patterns always indicate shallow sources for CFB parental magmas. High-Ti CFBs require pyroxenite-bearing sources (>= 10%). Contrary to a common view, their steep oceanic island basalt-like HREE patterns can be generated beneath quite a thin lithosphere (similar to 50 km), which is due to increased garnet stability in pyroxenite sources. When applied to CFBs of the Karoo large igneous province, the results are compatible with a model where a mantle plume penetrates a progressively thinning Gondwana lithosphere. Peer reviewed |
author2 |
Petrology and Geochemistry Department of Geosciences and Geography Natural Sciences Unit |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Heinonen, Jussi S. Brown, Eric L Turunen, Sanni T Luttinen, Arto V |
author_facet |
Heinonen, Jussi S. Brown, Eric L Turunen, Sanni T Luttinen, Arto V |
author_sort |
Heinonen, Jussi S. |
title |
Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts |
title_short |
Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts |
title_full |
Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts |
title_fullStr |
Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts |
title_full_unstemmed |
Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts |
title_sort |
heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/351590 |
geographic |
Dronning Maud Land |
geographic_facet |
Dronning Maud Land |
genre |
Dronning Maud Land |
genre_facet |
Dronning Maud Land |
op_relation |
10.1093/petrology/egac098 Heinonen , J S , Brown , E L , Turunen , S T & Luttinen , A V 2022 , ' Heavy rare earth elements and the sources of continental flood basalts ' , Journal of Petrology , vol. 63 , no. 10 , egac098 . https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egac098 ORCID: /0000-0002-3129-0392/work/124838256 ORCID: /0000-0001-8998-4357/work/160774852 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/351590 51fdc07c-87c7-4a57-b69a-ad918b920484 000874069800001 |
op_rights |
cc_by info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess openAccess |
container_title |
Journal of Petrology |
container_volume |
63 |
container_issue |
10 |
_version_ |
1802643695498952704 |