Macroalgae production in Northern Europe: Business and government perspectives on how to regulate a novel blue bioeconomy
Highlights •Producers and authorities are key players developing the macroalgae sector in Europe. •Companies demand a specific macroalgae regulatory framework. •Authorities require assessment of the environmental risks of macroalgae production. •The license can be viewed as a boundary object between...
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/351523 2023-05-15T16:52:27+02:00 Macroalgae production in Northern Europe: Business and government perspectives on how to regulate a novel blue bioeconomy Camarena-Gómez, María Teresa Lähteenmäki-Uutela, Anu Spilling, Kristian Suomen ympäristökeskus The Finnish Environment Institute 2022 560 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/351523 en eng Elsevier BV Aquaculture 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738434 0044-8486 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/351523 URN:NBN:fi-fe2022120970325 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY merilevät viljely tuotanto sääntely lainsäädäntö biotalous Pohjois-Eurooppa macroalgae cultivation harvesting licensing regulation boundary object A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä A1 Journal article (refereed), original research 2022 ftunivhelsihelda 2022-12-14T23:56:47Z Highlights •Producers and authorities are key players developing the macroalgae sector in Europe. •Companies demand a specific macroalgae regulatory framework. •Authorities require assessment of the environmental risks of macroalgae production. •The license can be viewed as a boundary object between macroalgae companies and authorities. Abstract Macroalgae biomass production, understood as cultivation and harvesting, is a minor industry in Europe at present, but the sector is recognized as having substantial growth potential. Here, we framed the environmental license as a boundary object between business and authorities and investigated the details of macroalgal licensing procedures in seven Northern European countries (Finland, Estonia, Sweden, Germany, Norway, Iceland, and Scotland). We conducted surveys and interviews with macroalgae companies and licensing authorities to understand the challenges faced by both sides. Generally, macroalgae production in Northern European countries is regulated by environmental and water laws and is not included in maritime spatial plans. Private actors need to apply for an environmental, water and/or fishing permit to start operations in this sector, often with several authorities involved. The companies expressed their dissatisfaction with non-specific laws and burdensome licensing procedures that may delay or even prevent the start-up. The authorities highlighted the lack of scientific environmental risk assessments of macroalgae production and the need to resolve possible conflicts with other marine sectors. Companies need the license to access markets while authorities view the license as a tool to enforce environmental legislation. As a boundary object, the license is the result of correspondence and cooperation between companies and authorities. A one-step licensing procedure for macroalgae production should be applied to encourage this business and to facilitate the compliance of legislation. In addition, macroalgae related activities should be recognized in the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Norway |
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Open Polar |
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Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
merilevät viljely tuotanto sääntely lainsäädäntö biotalous Pohjois-Eurooppa macroalgae cultivation harvesting licensing regulation boundary object |
spellingShingle |
merilevät viljely tuotanto sääntely lainsäädäntö biotalous Pohjois-Eurooppa macroalgae cultivation harvesting licensing regulation boundary object Camarena-Gómez, María Teresa Lähteenmäki-Uutela, Anu Spilling, Kristian Macroalgae production in Northern Europe: Business and government perspectives on how to regulate a novel blue bioeconomy |
topic_facet |
merilevät viljely tuotanto sääntely lainsäädäntö biotalous Pohjois-Eurooppa macroalgae cultivation harvesting licensing regulation boundary object |
description |
Highlights •Producers and authorities are key players developing the macroalgae sector in Europe. •Companies demand a specific macroalgae regulatory framework. •Authorities require assessment of the environmental risks of macroalgae production. •The license can be viewed as a boundary object between macroalgae companies and authorities. Abstract Macroalgae biomass production, understood as cultivation and harvesting, is a minor industry in Europe at present, but the sector is recognized as having substantial growth potential. Here, we framed the environmental license as a boundary object between business and authorities and investigated the details of macroalgal licensing procedures in seven Northern European countries (Finland, Estonia, Sweden, Germany, Norway, Iceland, and Scotland). We conducted surveys and interviews with macroalgae companies and licensing authorities to understand the challenges faced by both sides. Generally, macroalgae production in Northern European countries is regulated by environmental and water laws and is not included in maritime spatial plans. Private actors need to apply for an environmental, water and/or fishing permit to start operations in this sector, often with several authorities involved. The companies expressed their dissatisfaction with non-specific laws and burdensome licensing procedures that may delay or even prevent the start-up. The authorities highlighted the lack of scientific environmental risk assessments of macroalgae production and the need to resolve possible conflicts with other marine sectors. Companies need the license to access markets while authorities view the license as a tool to enforce environmental legislation. As a boundary object, the license is the result of correspondence and cooperation between companies and authorities. A one-step licensing procedure for macroalgae production should be applied to encourage this business and to facilitate the compliance of legislation. In addition, macroalgae related activities should be recognized in the ... |
author2 |
Suomen ympäristökeskus The Finnish Environment Institute |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Camarena-Gómez, María Teresa Lähteenmäki-Uutela, Anu Spilling, Kristian |
author_facet |
Camarena-Gómez, María Teresa Lähteenmäki-Uutela, Anu Spilling, Kristian |
author_sort |
Camarena-Gómez, María Teresa |
title |
Macroalgae production in Northern Europe: Business and government perspectives on how to regulate a novel blue bioeconomy |
title_short |
Macroalgae production in Northern Europe: Business and government perspectives on how to regulate a novel blue bioeconomy |
title_full |
Macroalgae production in Northern Europe: Business and government perspectives on how to regulate a novel blue bioeconomy |
title_fullStr |
Macroalgae production in Northern Europe: Business and government perspectives on how to regulate a novel blue bioeconomy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Macroalgae production in Northern Europe: Business and government perspectives on how to regulate a novel blue bioeconomy |
title_sort |
macroalgae production in northern europe: business and government perspectives on how to regulate a novel blue bioeconomy |
publisher |
Elsevier BV |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/351523 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
Aquaculture 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738434 0044-8486 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/351523 URN:NBN:fi-fe2022120970325 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
_version_ |
1766042747375976448 |