The effects of habitat and human activity on daybed selection in brown bears
The non-lethal effects of predation, i.e. predation risk, can significantly affect the prey population by inducing changes in behavior to reduce the risk of predation. Vigilance, hiding, and fleeing are common responses in order to lower predation risk while changes in habitat selection, habitat use...
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Helsingfors universitet
2012
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/34884 |
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/34884 2023-08-20T04:07:42+02:00 The effects of habitat and human activity on daybed selection in brown bears Elinympäristön ja ihmistoiminnan vaikutus karhujen päivämakuupaikan valintaan Huusko, Jari Helsingin yliopisto, Bio- ja ympäristötieteellinen tiedekunta, Biotieteiden laitos University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Biosciences Helsingfors universitet, Bio- och miljövetenskapliga fakulteten, Biovetenskapliga institutionen 2012 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/34884 eng eng Helsingfors universitet University of Helsinki Helsingin yliopisto URN:NBN:fi-fe2017121155657 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/34884 karhu saalistusriski elinympäristön valinta ihmistoiminta Keski-Suomi Pohjois-Karjala aktiivisuuden vaihtelu pedonvälttely Ursus arctos brown bear predation risk human activity habitat selection Central Finland North Karelia spatio-temporal avoidance diel activity Ecology and Evolution Biology Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia Ekologi och evolutionsbiologi pro gradu-avhandlingar pro gradu -tutkielmat master's thesis 2012 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-07-28T06:29:57Z The non-lethal effects of predation, i.e. predation risk, can significantly affect the prey population by inducing changes in behavior to reduce the risk of predation. Vigilance, hiding, and fleeing are common responses in order to lower predation risk while changes in habitat selection, habitat use, and changes in activity patterns are more severe changes and can profoundly affect prey fitness. Prey may begin to avoid habitats frequented by predators and may begin to reduce their activity during the time of day when predators are active. Human disturbance can be comparable to predation risk as it may induce similar changes in behavior. Therefore, human activity can be compared to predation risk even though the risk posed by humans may rarely be lethal. For many large vertebrates, however, humans do pose a direct and lethal threat. This is especially true for large predators whose severe decline has been attributed to centuries of persecution and habitat loss and whose populations have only recently began to increase following more favourable management plans and conservation efforts. Similarly, brown bear (Ursus arctos) populations have only recently began to increase in many parts of Europe and North America. In Finland brown bears survived extinction only in the wilderness areas in the north and in the east but have recolonized much of the country in the past decades. These solitary, opportunistic omnivores prefer forested habitats and usually try to avoid humans who they may view as predators. The limited availability of ideal habitats and extensive human activity means that bears may have to use spatio-temporal avoidance of humans rather than large scale spatial avoidance in order to reduce the risk of encountering humans. This should be evident in bear daybed selection whereby bears should select daybed sites away from human activity and select sites that provide good cover against humans while the bear rests during the day i.e. peak period of human activity. Additionally the daybed concealment should be ... Master Thesis karelia* Ursus arctos Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
karhu saalistusriski elinympäristön valinta ihmistoiminta Keski-Suomi Pohjois-Karjala aktiivisuuden vaihtelu pedonvälttely Ursus arctos brown bear predation risk human activity habitat selection Central Finland North Karelia spatio-temporal avoidance diel activity Ecology and Evolution Biology Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia Ekologi och evolutionsbiologi |
spellingShingle |
karhu saalistusriski elinympäristön valinta ihmistoiminta Keski-Suomi Pohjois-Karjala aktiivisuuden vaihtelu pedonvälttely Ursus arctos brown bear predation risk human activity habitat selection Central Finland North Karelia spatio-temporal avoidance diel activity Ecology and Evolution Biology Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia Ekologi och evolutionsbiologi Huusko, Jari The effects of habitat and human activity on daybed selection in brown bears |
topic_facet |
karhu saalistusriski elinympäristön valinta ihmistoiminta Keski-Suomi Pohjois-Karjala aktiivisuuden vaihtelu pedonvälttely Ursus arctos brown bear predation risk human activity habitat selection Central Finland North Karelia spatio-temporal avoidance diel activity Ecology and Evolution Biology Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia Ekologi och evolutionsbiologi |
description |
The non-lethal effects of predation, i.e. predation risk, can significantly affect the prey population by inducing changes in behavior to reduce the risk of predation. Vigilance, hiding, and fleeing are common responses in order to lower predation risk while changes in habitat selection, habitat use, and changes in activity patterns are more severe changes and can profoundly affect prey fitness. Prey may begin to avoid habitats frequented by predators and may begin to reduce their activity during the time of day when predators are active. Human disturbance can be comparable to predation risk as it may induce similar changes in behavior. Therefore, human activity can be compared to predation risk even though the risk posed by humans may rarely be lethal. For many large vertebrates, however, humans do pose a direct and lethal threat. This is especially true for large predators whose severe decline has been attributed to centuries of persecution and habitat loss and whose populations have only recently began to increase following more favourable management plans and conservation efforts. Similarly, brown bear (Ursus arctos) populations have only recently began to increase in many parts of Europe and North America. In Finland brown bears survived extinction only in the wilderness areas in the north and in the east but have recolonized much of the country in the past decades. These solitary, opportunistic omnivores prefer forested habitats and usually try to avoid humans who they may view as predators. The limited availability of ideal habitats and extensive human activity means that bears may have to use spatio-temporal avoidance of humans rather than large scale spatial avoidance in order to reduce the risk of encountering humans. This should be evident in bear daybed selection whereby bears should select daybed sites away from human activity and select sites that provide good cover against humans while the bear rests during the day i.e. peak period of human activity. Additionally the daybed concealment should be ... |
author2 |
Helsingin yliopisto, Bio- ja ympäristötieteellinen tiedekunta, Biotieteiden laitos University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Biosciences Helsingfors universitet, Bio- och miljövetenskapliga fakulteten, Biovetenskapliga institutionen |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Huusko, Jari |
author_facet |
Huusko, Jari |
author_sort |
Huusko, Jari |
title |
The effects of habitat and human activity on daybed selection in brown bears |
title_short |
The effects of habitat and human activity on daybed selection in brown bears |
title_full |
The effects of habitat and human activity on daybed selection in brown bears |
title_fullStr |
The effects of habitat and human activity on daybed selection in brown bears |
title_full_unstemmed |
The effects of habitat and human activity on daybed selection in brown bears |
title_sort |
effects of habitat and human activity on daybed selection in brown bears |
publisher |
Helsingfors universitet |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/34884 |
genre |
karelia* Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
karelia* Ursus arctos |
op_relation |
URN:NBN:fi-fe2017121155657 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/34884 |
_version_ |
1774719514839089152 |