Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time
Hypoxia is presently seen as the principal driver behind the decline of the former dominating Eastern Baltic cod stock (EBC; Gadus morhua). It has been proposed that both worsening conditions for reproduction and lower individual growth, condition, and survival are linked to hypoxia. Here, we elucid...
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Oxford University Press
2022
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/343675 2024-01-07T09:42:09+01:00 Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time Svedäng, Henrik Savchuk, Oleg P Villnäs, Anna Norkko, Alf Gustafsson, Bo Wikström, Sofia A. Humborg, Christoph Tvärminne Zoological Station Tvärminne Benthic Ecology Team Marine Ecosystems Research Group Biological stations 2022-05-13T06:22:05Z 20 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/343675 eng eng Oxford University Press 10.1093/icesjms/fsac017 Svedäng , H , Savchuk , O P , Villnäs , A , Norkko , A , Gustafsson , B , Wikström , S A & Humborg , C 2022 , ' Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time ' , ICES Journal of Marine Science , vol. 79 , no. 3 , pp. 689-708 . https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsac017 35289709-0edd-4047-8c39-93e53c250774 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/343675 000757533800001 cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess ATLANTIC COD BODY-SIZE DEMERSAL FISH DYNAMICS Eastern Baltic cod HYPOXIA LONG-TERM CHANGES OXYGEN REGIME SHIFTS SEA VARIABILITY benthic biomass productivity reproduction volume spatial scales 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology Article publishedVersion 2022 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:09:30Z Hypoxia is presently seen as the principal driver behind the decline of the former dominating Eastern Baltic cod stock (EBC; Gadus morhua). It has been proposed that both worsening conditions for reproduction and lower individual growth, condition, and survival are linked to hypoxia. Here, we elucidate the ecological envelope of EBC in terms of salinity stratification, oxygen content, and benthic animal biomasses, and how it has affected EBC productivity over time. The spawning conditions started deteriorating in the Gotland Deep in the 1950s due to oxygen depletion. In contrast, in the Bornholm Basin, hydrographic conditions have remained unchanged over the last 60 years. Indeed, the current extent of both well-oxygenated areas and the frequency of hypoxia events do not differ substantially from periods with high EBC productivity in the 1970s–1980s. Furthermore, oxygenated and therefore potentially suitable feeding areas are abundant in all parts of the Baltic Sea, and our novel analysis provides no evidence of a reduction in benthic food sources for EBC over the last 30 years. We find that while reproduction failure is intricately linked to hydrographic dynamics, a relationship between the spread of hypoxia and the decline in EBC productivity during the last decades cannot be substantiated. Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository ICES Journal of Marine Science 79 3 689 708 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
ATLANTIC COD BODY-SIZE DEMERSAL FISH DYNAMICS Eastern Baltic cod HYPOXIA LONG-TERM CHANGES OXYGEN REGIME SHIFTS SEA VARIABILITY benthic biomass productivity reproduction volume spatial scales 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology |
spellingShingle |
ATLANTIC COD BODY-SIZE DEMERSAL FISH DYNAMICS Eastern Baltic cod HYPOXIA LONG-TERM CHANGES OXYGEN REGIME SHIFTS SEA VARIABILITY benthic biomass productivity reproduction volume spatial scales 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology Svedäng, Henrik Savchuk, Oleg P Villnäs, Anna Norkko, Alf Gustafsson, Bo Wikström, Sofia A. Humborg, Christoph Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time |
topic_facet |
ATLANTIC COD BODY-SIZE DEMERSAL FISH DYNAMICS Eastern Baltic cod HYPOXIA LONG-TERM CHANGES OXYGEN REGIME SHIFTS SEA VARIABILITY benthic biomass productivity reproduction volume spatial scales 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology |
description |
Hypoxia is presently seen as the principal driver behind the decline of the former dominating Eastern Baltic cod stock (EBC; Gadus morhua). It has been proposed that both worsening conditions for reproduction and lower individual growth, condition, and survival are linked to hypoxia. Here, we elucidate the ecological envelope of EBC in terms of salinity stratification, oxygen content, and benthic animal biomasses, and how it has affected EBC productivity over time. The spawning conditions started deteriorating in the Gotland Deep in the 1950s due to oxygen depletion. In contrast, in the Bornholm Basin, hydrographic conditions have remained unchanged over the last 60 years. Indeed, the current extent of both well-oxygenated areas and the frequency of hypoxia events do not differ substantially from periods with high EBC productivity in the 1970s–1980s. Furthermore, oxygenated and therefore potentially suitable feeding areas are abundant in all parts of the Baltic Sea, and our novel analysis provides no evidence of a reduction in benthic food sources for EBC over the last 30 years. We find that while reproduction failure is intricately linked to hydrographic dynamics, a relationship between the spread of hypoxia and the decline in EBC productivity during the last decades cannot be substantiated. Peer reviewed |
author2 |
Tvärminne Zoological Station Tvärminne Benthic Ecology Team Marine Ecosystems Research Group Biological stations |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Svedäng, Henrik Savchuk, Oleg P Villnäs, Anna Norkko, Alf Gustafsson, Bo Wikström, Sofia A. Humborg, Christoph |
author_facet |
Svedäng, Henrik Savchuk, Oleg P Villnäs, Anna Norkko, Alf Gustafsson, Bo Wikström, Sofia A. Humborg, Christoph |
author_sort |
Svedäng, Henrik |
title |
Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time |
title_short |
Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time |
title_full |
Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time |
title_fullStr |
Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time |
title_full_unstemmed |
Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time |
title_sort |
re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of eastern baltic cod (gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/343675 |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_relation |
10.1093/icesjms/fsac017 Svedäng , H , Savchuk , O P , Villnäs , A , Norkko , A , Gustafsson , B , Wikström , S A & Humborg , C 2022 , ' Re-thinking the “ecological envelope” of Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua): conditions for productivity, reproduction, and feeding over time ' , ICES Journal of Marine Science , vol. 79 , no. 3 , pp. 689-708 . https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsac017 35289709-0edd-4047-8c39-93e53c250774 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/343675 000757533800001 |
op_rights |
cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
container_title |
ICES Journal of Marine Science |
container_volume |
79 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
689 |
op_container_end_page |
708 |
_version_ |
1787423072258621440 |